Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 13, 2026
05:51
Measuring the Carotid to Femoral Pulse Wave Velocity (Cf-PWV) to Evaluate Arterial Stiffness
Published on: May 3, 2018
Arterial stiffness in the young: assessment, determinants, and implications
1Division of Paediatric Cardiology, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Korean Circulation Journal
|April 28, 2010
Summary
Arterial stiffness, the rigidity of artery walls, is increasingly recognized as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease in children. Early detection through noninvasive methods may allow for timely interventions.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Physiology
- Pediatric Cardiology
Background:
- Arterial stiffness, or the rigidity of artery walls, impacts left ventricular afterload and ventricular-arterial coupling.
- In adults, arterial stiffness is a recognized marker and risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
- Noninvasive methods for assessing arterial stiffness are increasingly used in pediatric populations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the phenomenon and significance of arterial stiffening in children and adolescents.
- To identify childhood factors and conditions associated with arterial stiffening.
- To understand the functional implications of arterial stiffening on the left ventricle.
Main Methods:
- Utilizing noninvasive techniques to measure local, segmental, and systemic arterial stiffness.
- Reviewing childhood factors and conditions linked to arterial stiffening.
- Analyzing the functional impact of arterial stiffness on left ventricular structure and function.
Main Results:
- The association of arterial stiffening with various childhood conditions has expanded, including traditional cardiovascular risk factors, prenatal growth restriction, vasculitides, and congenital heart disease.
- Arterial stiffening in youth has functional implications on left ventricular energetic efficiency, structure, and function.
- Early identification of arterial dysfunction in childhood is emerging as a potential window for intervention.
Conclusions:
- Arterial stiffening is a significant finding in pediatric populations, associated with numerous health conditions.
- Early detection of arterial stiffness in children may offer opportunities for intervention.
- Further longitudinal studies are needed to confirm clinical benefits of improving arterial function in pediatric populations.
Related Concept Videos
01:21Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation
Clinical manifestationsPeripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) manifests through a range of symptoms, from the characteristic intermittent claudication to atypical presentations and severe complications in advanced stages. Intermittent claudication, a hallmark symptom of PAD, presents as exercise-induced muscle pain that typically resolves within minutes of rest. This pain is reproducible and stems from inadequate blood flow, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid produced during anaerobic...
01:27Atherosclerosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Tests
Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder that leads to the thickening and narrowing of arterial walls due to plaque buildup. This condition can cause various symptoms depending on the arteries affected:Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): This condition affects the coronary arteries and may lead to chest pain (angina), shortness of breath (dyspnea), heart attacks, and other heart disease symptoms.Cerebrovascular Disease: This affects blood flow to the brain, causing transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)...
01:11Assessing Blood pressure in the Leg
Proper measurement of leg blood pressure is a critical skill for healthcare providers, ensuring precise and reliable readings. When performed correctly, this procedure informs patient care and enhances the efficacy of interventions. The following text outlines step-by-step guidelines to measure blood pressure in the leg, providing clarity and ease of understanding for practitioners.
Preparation:
Preparation:
01:10Pre-Procedural Guidelines for Assessing Blood Pressure
Accurate blood pressure assessment is crucial for diagnosing and managing various health conditions. To ensure the reliability of these measurements, healthcare professionals must adhere to standardized pre-procedural guidelines. These guidelines enhance patient safety and improve the overall quality of healthcare. The following steps are essential for obtaining accurate and consistent blood pressure readings, from using the appropriate tools to ensuring effective communication with the patient.
01:27Assessment of the Cardiovascular System III: Palpation
Palpation involves feeling the body to evaluate texture, size, consistency, and tenderness for assessing cardiovascular health. The following steps are organized in a head-to-toe order:
Jugular Venous Pressure (JVP) Measurement
Position the patient at a thirty- to forty-five-degree angle or in a semi-fowler's position. Look for the highest point of pulsation in the internal jugular vein and measure the vertical distance to the angle of Loius or sternal angle. A normal JVP is 3-4 cm above the...
Jugular Venous Pressure (JVP) Measurement
Position the patient at a thirty- to forty-five-degree angle or in a semi-fowler's position. Look for the highest point of pulsation in the internal jugular vein and measure the vertical distance to the angle of Loius or sternal angle. A normal JVP is 3-4 cm above the...
01:23Assessment of blood pressure in brachial artery(two-step method)
Measuring blood pressure is a fundamental skill in healthcare that aids in diagnosing and monitoring hypertension and other cardiovascular conditions. An aneroid sphygmomanometer, commonly used in clinical settings, offers a manual and precise method for blood pressure measurement. The technique for using this instrument involves specific steps that must be carefully executed to ensure accuracy. The following detailed description outlines a two-step technique for assessing blood pressure using...