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Related Concept Videos

Asthma I: Introduction01:28

Asthma I: Introduction

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by variable airflow obstruction and heightened bronchial responsiveness to a wide range of triggers. The underlying inflammation leads to airway swelling, mucus hypersecretion, and smooth muscle constriction, all of which narrow the airway lumen and impede airflow. Clinically, asthma presents with recurrent episodes of wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing, symptoms that typically vary in intensity and...
Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification01:26

Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification

Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
Critical processes in asthma pathophysiology include:
Allergic Reactions02:06

Allergic Reactions

Overview
Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis01:30

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin, heparin),...
Antiasthma Drugs: Mast Cell Stabilizers and Anti-IgE Drugs01:25

Antiasthma Drugs: Mast Cell Stabilizers and Anti-IgE Drugs

Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition for which new therapeutic avenues, including anti-inflammatory drugs like mast cell stabilizers and anti-IgE treatments, continue to be developed.
Mast cell stabilizers, such as cromolyn (also known as sodium cromoglycate) and nedocromil (Tilade), are effective drugs in asthma management. These stabilizers hinder histamine release by skillfully obstructing the activation of mast cells and other cellular entities. Notably, they navigate this task without...
Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management01:20

Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management

Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Symptom Assessment of Patients with Allergic Rhinitis Using an Allergen Exposure Chamber
08:47

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Published on: March 3, 2023

Atopy in children with eczema.

Kam-Lun Ellis Hon1, Susanna Tsang, Ching-Yi Wong

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China. ehon@cuhk.edu.hk

Indian Journal of Pediatrics
|April 28, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Allergy sensitization to common food and airborne allergens is frequent in early childhood, even without atopic dermatitis (AD). Infants with AD typically develop eczema before showing allergies to milk or soy.

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Published on: September 27, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Dermatology
  • Allergology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common skin condition in infants.
  • Understanding allergen sensitization patterns is crucial for managing pediatric skin diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of sensitization to common food and aeroallergens in young children with skin conditions.
  • To compare allergen sensitization patterns in infants with AD before and after six months of age.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of skin prick tests (SPTs) in children under 18 months.
  • Study conducted at a university-affiliated teaching hospital over 16 months.

Main Results:

  • No significant difference in sensitization patterns between AD patients and non-AD children.
  • Dust mites, egg, and peanuts were the most common allergens.
  • Infants with AD showed aeroallergen sensitization (D. pteronyssinus) after six months; most remained unsensitized to cow's milk and soy.

Conclusions:

  • Atopic sensitization to common allergens is prevalent in early childhood, irrespective of AD.
  • Most young infants do not exhibit milk sensitization and develop eczema prior to milk or soy atopy.