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Atopy in children with eczema
Kam-Lun Ellis Hon1, Susanna Tsang, Ching-Yi Wong
1Department of Pediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China. ehon@cuhk.edu.hk
Insights
Allergy sensitization to common food and airborne allergens is frequent in early childhood, even without atopic dermatitis (AD). Infants with AD typically develop eczema before showing allergies to milk or soy.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Dermatology
- Allergology
- Immunology
Background:
- Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common skin condition in infants.
- Understanding allergen sensitization patterns is crucial for managing pediatric skin diseases.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of sensitization to common food and aeroallergens in young children with skin conditions.
- To compare allergen sensitization patterns in infants with AD before and after six months of age.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of skin prick tests (SPTs) in children under 18 months.
- Study conducted at a university-affiliated teaching hospital over 16 months.
Main Results:
- No significant difference in sensitization patterns between AD patients and non-AD children.
- Dust mites, egg, and peanuts were the most common allergens.
- Infants with AD showed aeroallergen sensitization (D. pteronyssinus) after six months; most remained unsensitized to cow's milk and soy.
Conclusions:
- Atopic sensitization to common allergens is prevalent in early childhood, irrespective of AD.
- Most young infants do not exhibit milk sensitization and develop eczema prior to milk or soy atopy.
Objective:
To explore the prevalence of common food and aeroallergens sensitization in early childhood skin diseases. and to compare the pattern of common food and aeroallergens sensitization before and after 6 months among infants with atopic dermatitis (AD).
Methods:
All skin prick tests (SPTs) performed on children pound18 months of age managed at the pediatric dermatology clinic of an university-affiliated teaching hospital over a 16-month period were examined.
Results:
There was generally no difference in the pattern of sensitization to common food and aeroallergens between AD patients and non-AD young children with miscellaneous dermatological or gastrointestinal conditions. Dust mites were the only common aeroallergens in these patients; whereas egg and peanuts were the common sensitizing food allergens. Cat and dog fur as aeroallergens, soy bean, orange and beef as food allergens were relatively uncommon among the studied subjects. In AD, infants pound 6 months were generally naive to aeroallergens but became sensitized to the D. Pteronyssinus in the next 12 months of age. 80% of these infants were not sensitized to cow's milk and none sensitized to soybean.
Conclusion:
Atopic sensitization to common allergens was common in early childhood with or without AD. Majority of young infants were not sensitized to milk, and develop eczema before they show atopy to the milk or soy allergens.
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