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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
Experimental RNAi02:15

Experimental RNAi

RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 13, 2026

MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method
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MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method

Published on: October 7, 2025

microRNA and cancer.

Mengfeng Li1, Jun Li, Xiaofan Ding

  • 1Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, 74 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou 510080, China. limf@mail.sysu.edu.cn

The AAPS Journal
|April 28, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Aberrantly expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) are implicated in human cancers. This review covers their abnormal expression, mechanisms, and roles in cancer development, highlighting their potential as diagnostic and therapeutic tools.

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Last Updated: Jun 13, 2026

MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method
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MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method

Published on: October 7, 2025

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Oncology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, regulatory, non-coding RNA molecules.
  • Aberrant expression and function of miRNAs are observed in various human diseases, particularly cancers.
  • Understanding miRNA dysregulation is crucial for cancer research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review abnormally expressed miRNAs across different human cancer types.
  • To explore the underlying mechanisms contributing to miRNA dysregulation in cancer.
  • To discuss the role of miRNAs in cancer-associated molecular pathways and their therapeutic potential.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of studies on miRNA expression in human cancers.
  • Analysis of reported mechanisms for miRNA abnormalities.
  • Synthesis of information on miRNA-modulated pathways and clinical implications.

Main Results:

  • Identification of specific miRNAs with aberrant expression patterns in various cancers.
  • Elucidation of molecular mechanisms driving miRNA dysregulation (e.g., epigenetic changes, genetic alterations).
  • Demonstration of miRNA involvement in critical cancer development pathways.

Conclusions:

  • MicroRNAs play significant roles in human cancer development and progression.
  • Aberrant miRNA expression is a hallmark of cancer, offering insights into disease mechanisms.
  • miRNAs hold promise as biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis, and as targets for novel cancer therapies.