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Protective Efficacy and Pulmonary Immune Response Following Subcutaneous and Intranasal BCG Administration in Mice
Published on: September 19, 2016
Pulmonary immunization using antigen 85-B polymeric microparticles to boost tuberculosis immunity.
Dongmei Lu1, Lucila Garcia-Contreras, Pavan Muttil
1Molecular Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7571, USA.
The AAPS Journal
|April 28, 2010
Summary
Pulmonary immunization with microparticles containing recombinant antigen 85B (rAg85B) boosted Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination. This strategy showed potential for enhancing tuberculosis protection, particularly in previously immunized individuals.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Vaccinology
- Biotechnology
Background:
- Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global health challenge, necessitating improved vaccination strategies.
- Current vaccines, like Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG), offer variable protection, especially in adults.
- Recombinant antigen 85B (rAg85B) is a key target for TB vaccine development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of pulmonary immunization with rAg85B-loaded polymeric microparticles (P-rAg85B) against tuberculosis.
- To assess P-rAg85B as a booster for BCG vaccination in guinea pigs.
- To analyze protection through bacterial load, histopathology, and morphometric assessments.
Main Methods:
- Recombinant antigen 85B (rAg85B) was encapsulated in poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) microparticles (P-rAg85B).
- Guinea pigs received single or multiple pulmonary doses of P-rAg85B, with or without prior BCG vaccination.
- Animals were challenged with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) H37Rv, and protection was measured by CFU counts and tissue analysis.
Main Results:
- The BCG prime-P-rAg85B aerosol boost strategy showed enhanced protection against MTB infection.
- Reduced bacterial burden (CFU) was observed in lungs and spleens compared to controls.
- Histopathological and morphometric analyses indicated improved tissue integrity and reduced granuloma formation with the BCG-P-rAg85B strategy.
Conclusions:
- Pulmonary delivery of P-rAg85B microparticles effectively boosts BCG immunization against tuberculosis.
- This heterologous prime-boost strategy shows promise for enhancing TB protection in populations with prior BCG exposure.
- Further research is warranted to optimize immunization protocols for maximum protection against MTB infection.
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