Essential fatty acid deficiency reduces cortical spreading depression propagation in rats: a two-generation study

Cortical spreading depression (CSD) propagation was investigated in rats under dietary essential fatty acid (EFA) deficiency over two generations (F1 and F2). Wistar rat dams received diets containing 5% fat either from coconut-oil (EFA-deficient) or soybean-oil (control). F1-pups received their dams' diets until the day of CSD recording (30-40 days or 90-100 days). F2-pups were kept on their F1 dams' diet until 30-40 days. Compared to the controls, the EFA-deficient group had reduced (P < 0.05) body weights in both F1 and F2 conditions. This effect was more conspicuous (P < 0.001) in the F2-animals where brain weight was also reduced (P < 0.05). All EFA-deficient groups displayed lower CSD velocities (P < 0.001) than the corresponding controls. Within the same dietary group and generation, F1 young rats showed higher CSD velocities (P < 0.001) than adults. Data show that EFA deficiency reduces CSD propagation, and this effect is long lasting as it persists up to the second generation.