Preparticipation screening of young competitive athletes for cardiovascular disorders

The beneficial effects of regular physical exercise on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality are well documented. In rare cases, however, athletes with cardiovascular abnormalities are at increased risk of exercise-related sudden cardiac death (SCD). Paradoxically, most SCDs can be attributed to cardiovascular abnormalities that can be identified during an athlete's life. Such abnormalities can be minimized by several therapeutic strategies, including insertion of an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator. Based on these considerations, the medical and sporting governing bodies recommend preparticipation cardiovascular screening (PPS) in young competitive athletes (aged