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Rhinosinusitis and asthma: a link for asthma severity
C Bachert1, S E M Claeys, P Tomassen
1Upper Airway Research Laboratory, Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, Ghent, 9000, Belgium. claus.bachert@ugent.be
Current Allergy and Asthma Reports
|April 29, 2010
Summary
Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps requires differentiation from non-polyp forms, particularly due to asthma links. Interleukin-5 positive nasal polyps show distinct inflammation and superantigen involvement, influencing asthma comorbidity.
Area of Science:
- Otolaryngology
- Immunology
- Allergy
Background:
- Rhinosinusitis involves nasal and sinus inflammation.
- Differentiating chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) from without is crucial.
- Asthma comorbidity is frequent in CRSwNP, potentially linked to aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze inflammatory patterns in CRSwNP.
- To investigate the role of interleukin-5 (IL-5) and Staphylococcus aureus superantigens in CRSwNP.
- To understand the association between CRSwNP subtypes and asthma comorbidity.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of inflammatory markers in nasal polyp tissue.
- Classification of polyps based on IL-5 expression.
- Assessment of Staphylococcus aureus superantigen colonization.
- Correlation with asthma prevalence and severity.
Main Results:
- Nasal polyps are not a single entity; IL-5-positive polyps exhibit distinct inflammatory profiles (eosinophilic vs. neutrophilic).
- Staphylococcus aureus superantigens are common in IL-5-positive polyps.
- Superantigen colonization correlates with amplified eosinophilic inflammation, local IgE production, and increased asthma risk.
Conclusions:
- CRSwNP subtypes, particularly IL-5-positive polyps with superantigen involvement, are strongly associated with asthma.
- Understanding these inflammatory pathways is key for targeted therapies in CRSwNP and comorbid asthma.
- Further research into superantigen roles in airway inflammation is warranted.
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