Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Retrovirus Life Cycles01:10

Retrovirus Life Cycles

Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the retrovirus to...
Inhibitors of Virion Maturation and Assembly01:19

Inhibitors of Virion Maturation and Assembly

As part of their replication cycle, certain viruses synthesize long precursor proteins called polyproteins within infected host cells. In human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), two major polyproteins are produced: Gag and Gag-Pol. The Gag polyprotein supplies the structural components of the virus, while Gag-Pol includes essential viral enzymes such as reverse transcriptase, integrase, and protease. After synthesis, these polyproteins move to the host cell membrane, where they assemble into an...
Retroviruses02:33

Retroviruses

Retroviruses and retrotransposons both insert copies of their genetic elements into the genome of the host cell. Thus, the viral genes are passed on when the host genome is replicated or translated. A typical retroviral DNA sequence contains 3-4 genes that encode the different proteins required for its structural assembly and function as a molecular parasite. This DNA is transcribed into a single mRNA, which is very similar in structure to conventional mRNAs, i.e., it is capped at the 5’...
Antiviral Nucleoside Inhibitors01:22

Antiviral Nucleoside Inhibitors

Antiviral Nucleoside InhibitorsAntiviral nucleoside inhibitors are structural analogs of natural nucleosides that interfere with viral DNA or RNA synthesis. These compounds selectively target viral polymerases due to their resemblance to host nucleosides, thereby disrupting viral genome replication.Mechanism of Acyclovir ActionAcyclovir is a guanosine analog with a three-carbon acyclic side chain. It selectively targets herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2),...
Inhibitors of Viral Protein Synthesis01:30

Inhibitors of Viral Protein Synthesis

Protein synthesis is indispensable for viral replication, as viruses lack the cellular machinery required for this process and must hijack the host's translational apparatus. In response, host cells deploy a critical innate immune defense involving interferons, specialized cytokines that play a central role in inhibiting viral propagation.Upon viral detection, infected cells release interferons that bind to receptors on adjacent uninfected cells, activating the JAK-STAT signaling pathway and...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Impact of COVID-19 Monoclonal Antibody Therapy on Subsequent Vaccine-elicited SARS-CoV-2 Immune Responses.

The Journal of infectious diseases·2026
Same author

A community and clinical collaboration to optimize HIV treatment and care for people with HIV in Australia-Solutions from the Beyond Undetectable symposium.

HIV medicine·2025
Same author

Implementing a Social Work-Led Hepatitis C Treatment Model for Individuals with Substance Use Disorders in Primary Care.

Journal of evidence-based social work (2019)·2025
Same author

Rapid Elimination of Culturable SARS-CoV-2 With Intramuscular or Intravenous Administration of Antiviral Monoclonal Antibody Therapy.

Open forum infectious diseases·2025
Same author

Implementation of a seamless phase 2/3 study design in the setting of an emergent infectious disease pandemic: Lessons learned from the ACTIV-2 platform COVID-19 treatment trial.

Contemporary clinical trials·2025
Same author

Tixagevimab/cilgavimab or placebo for COVID-19 in ACTIV-2: Safety, pharmacokinetics and neutralizing and anti-drug antibodies.

iScience·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Rapid Screening of HIV Reverse Transcriptase and Integrase Inhibitors
05:46

Rapid Screening of HIV Reverse Transcriptase and Integrase Inhibitors

Published on: April 9, 2014

Deconstructing most recent antiretroviral recommendations.

David Alain Wohl1

  • 1AIDS Clinical Trials Unit-Chapel Hill, Division of Infectious Diseases, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 130 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA. wohl@med.unc.edu

Current HIV/AIDS Reports
|April 29, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Choosing initial antiretroviral therapy for HIV involves balancing efficacy, safety, and cost. Understanding US treatment guidelines is crucial for effective patient care and selecting optimal HIV drug regimens.

More Related Videos

An Affordable HIV-1 Drug Resistance Monitoring Method for Resource Limited Settings
19:57

An Affordable HIV-1 Drug Resistance Monitoring Method for Resource Limited Settings

Published on: March 30, 2014

Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship, Activity Prediction, and Molecular Dynamics of Non-nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
10:29

Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship, Activity Prediction, and Molecular Dynamics of Non-nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors

Published on: May 9, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Rapid Screening of HIV Reverse Transcriptase and Integrase Inhibitors
05:46

Rapid Screening of HIV Reverse Transcriptase and Integrase Inhibitors

Published on: April 9, 2014

An Affordable HIV-1 Drug Resistance Monitoring Method for Resource Limited Settings
19:57

An Affordable HIV-1 Drug Resistance Monitoring Method for Resource Limited Settings

Published on: March 30, 2014

Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship, Activity Prediction, and Molecular Dynamics of Non-nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
10:29

Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship, Activity Prediction, and Molecular Dynamics of Non-nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors

Published on: May 9, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Virology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Antiretroviral therapy (ART) selection for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) requires careful consideration of multiple factors.
  • Efficacy, safety, drug interactions, convenience, and cost are key determinants in choosing initial HIV treatment regimens.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the importance of understanding major US treatment guidelines for initiating antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected individuals.
  • To provide clinicians with essential knowledge for selecting effective initial HIV treatment regimens.

Main Methods:

  • Review and synthesis of current major US treatment guidelines for initial HIV therapy.
  • Analysis of factors influencing antiretroviral regimen selection, including clinical study data.

Main Results:

  • Guidelines offer structured recommendations for selecting effective antiretroviral therapy.
  • Clinician understanding of these guidelines is paramount for optimal patient outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Adherence to established US treatment guidelines ensures evidence-based selection of initial antiretroviral therapy.
  • Informed selection of ART regimens is critical for managing HIV infection effectively.