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Related Concept Videos

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)...
lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)...
Ribosome Profiling02:24

Ribosome Profiling

Ribosome profiling or ribo-sequencing is a deep sequencing technique that produces a snapshot of active translation in a cell. It selectively sequences the mRNAs protected by ribosomes to get an insight into a cell’s translation landscape at any given point in time.
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
The technique helps...

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Mining mammalian transcript data for functional long non-coding RNAs.

Amit N Khachane1, Paul M Harrison

  • 1Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. amit.khachane@mail.mcgill.ca

Plos One
|April 30, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers identified functional long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) conserved across mammals using comparative genomics. These lncRNAs, particularly those linked to cancer, suggest a role in disease pathomechanisms.

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Bioinformatics
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are increasingly recognized for their role in gene regulation.
  • Mammalian transcriptomes contain abundant non-protein-coding RNA, but distinguishing functional lncRNAs from transcriptional noise is challenging.
  • High-throughput bioinformatic approaches are crucial for identifying functional lncRNA candidates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a classification and annotation scheme for functional mammalian lncRNAs.
  • To identify conserved lncRNAs across mammalian species using comparative genomics.
  • To investigate the evolutionary characteristics and potential functions of identified lncRNAs.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative genomics analysis of full-length cDNA data from human and mouse.
  • Identification of syntenically conserved and co-originated lncRNAs.
  • Evolutionary analysis including sequence homology, codon substitution patterns, and secondary structure motif preservation.

Main Results:

  • Identified 78 potentially functional lncRNAs conserved between human and mouse.
  • Eleven lncRNAs showed significant sequence homology and evolutionary conservation.
  • lncRNAs exhibited non-coding transcript patterns, sequence preservation in distant mammals, and conserved secondary structures.
  • Orthologous protein-coding genes producing lncRNAs were significantly enriched for cancer-implicated genes.

Conclusions:

  • A subset of conserved lncRNAs across Mammalia identified as potentially functional.
  • lncRNAs derived from cancer-associated genes suggest a role in cancer pathomechanisms.
  • Comparative genomics and evolutionary analysis are effective for identifying functional lncRNAs.