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Gallbladder

Gallbladder

The gallbladder is a small, pear-shaped organ that plays a crucial role in our digestive system. Measuring about 10 cm in length, it is comparable in size to a kiwi fruit and is located in a hollow area on the lower surface of the liver. The gallbladder's primary function is to store and concentrate bile, a fluid produced by the liver that aids in digestion.
The gallbladder's anatomy consists of three regions: the fundus, body, and neck. Extending from the neck, the cystic duct joins the common...

Cholecystitis

Cholecystitis

Cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder, most commonly caused by obstruction of the cystic duct. This blockage prevents bile from draining, leading to gallbladder distension, inflammation, and potentially serious complications. This condition may present acutely or chronically and can happen with or without gallstones.EtiologyAbout 95% of cholecystitis cases are calculous, caused by gallstones blocking the cystic duct, leading to bile accumulation and inflammation of the gallbladder...

Urinary Bladder

Urinary Bladder

The urinary bladder is a hollow, muscular sac that temporarily stores urine before it is expelled from the body. It can hold approximately 600 mL of urine prior to micturition. The bladder is retroperitoneal and located behind the pubic symphysis in the pelvic floor.
In males, the bladder is situated in front of the rectum, while in females, it is positioned anterior to the vagina and uterus. The bladder floor contains an inverted triangular area called the trigone, defined by the two ureteric...

Imaging Studies VI: Voiding Cystourethrography and Cystography

Imaging Studies VI: Voiding Cystourethrography and Cystography

Voiding Cystourethrography (VCUG) and Cystography are specialized radiographic procedures used to examine the structure and function of the bladder and urethra.Voiding Cystourethrography (VCUG)A Voiding Cystourethrogram (VCUG) is a diagnostic imaging procedure that assesses the anatomy and function of the lower urinary tract. It focuses on the bladder, bladder neck, and urethra, helping detect abnormalities such as vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)—the backward or reverse flow of urine into the...

Urologic Endoscopic Procedure: Cystoscopic Examination

Urologic Endoscopic Procedure: Cystoscopic Examination

Meaning of Cystoscopic Examination:Cystoscopy is an essential diagnostic tool in urology that is used to assess the structure and function of the genitourinary system. It provides a direct view of the urethra, bladder, and, in some cases, the ureteral openings. This procedure helps detect structural abnormalities, infections, cancers, and blockages in the urinary tract. There are two types of cystoscopy:Flexible cystoscopy is commonly performed in outpatient settings due to its less invasive...

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The lower urinary system consists of the urinary bladder and urethra, which are essential in storing and expelling urine from the body. Together with the internal and external sphincters, these structures work together to regulate urination effectively.Anatomy of the BladderThe urinary bladder is a muscular, stretchable organ behind the pubic bone and in front of the rectum. In females, the bladder is positioned anterior to the vagina and inferior to the uterus, while in males, it is located...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Laparoscopic Common Bile Duct Exploration Followed by Primary Suture Using a Modified Bile Duct Incision

Laparoscopic Common Bile Duct Exploration Followed by Primary Suture Using a Modified Bile Duct Incision

Published on: May 2, 2025

[Type II bile duct cyst or accessory gall bladder?].

M Funáková¹, J Porubský, V Cingel

¹Klinika detskej chirurgie DFNsP a LF UKo, Bratislava, Slovenská republika. mirka.fun@gmail.com

Rozhledy V Chirurgii : Mesicnik Ceskoslovenske Chirurgicke Spolecnosti

|May 1, 2010

Summary

This study presents a unique case of biliary tract malformations in a child, involving two cystic lesions mimicking a choledochal cyst type IV. Surgical resection of both lesions was successfully performed.

More Related Videos

Laparoscopic Choledochal Cyst Excision and Roux-en-Y Choledochojejunostomy in Adults

Laparoscopic Choledochal Cyst Excision and Roux-en-Y Choledochojejunostomy in Adults

Published on: February 28, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Laparoscopic Common Bile Duct Exploration Followed by Primary Suture Using a Modified Bile Duct Incision

Laparoscopic Common Bile Duct Exploration Followed by Primary Suture Using a Modified Bile Duct Incision

Published on: May 2, 2025

Laparoscopic Choledochal Cyst Excision and Roux-en-Y Choledochojejunostomy in Adults

Laparoscopic Choledochal Cyst Excision and Roux-en-Y Choledochojejunostomy in Adults

Published on: February 28, 2025

Area of Science:

Pediatric Surgery
Gastroenterology
Medical Imaging

Background:

Choledochal cysts and bile duct cysts are recognized congenital anomalies with established classifications and surgical approaches.
Surgical management typically involves cyst resection and biliary tract reconstruction, particularly for common types I and IV.

Observation:

A 21-month-old girl presented with incidentally diagnosed choledochal cyst.
Preoperative imaging suggested a type IV choledochal cyst due to a proximal cystic lesion with three diverticula.
Intraoperative findings revealed two distinct cystic lesions with separate bile ducts connecting to the common bile duct.

Findings:

The patient underwent elective surgical resection of both identified cystic lesions.
Histopathological analysis confirmed unique biliary tract malformations.

Implications:

This case highlights the importance of thorough preoperative evaluation and intraoperative assessment for complex biliary tract anomalies.
Understanding such rare malformations can refine diagnostic criteria and surgical strategies for pediatric choledochal cysts.