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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 13, 2026

In Vitro Three-Dimensional Sprouting Assay of Angiogenesis Using Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells for Vascular Disease Modeling and Drug Testing

In Vitro Three-Dimensional Sprouting Assay of Angiogenesis Using Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells for Vascular Disease Modeling and Drug Testing

Published on: May 11, 2021

Targeted Vezf1-null mutation impairs vascular structure formation during embryonic stem cell differentiation.

Zhongmin Zou¹, Pauline A Ocaya, Huiqin Sun

¹Department of Cell Biology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology

|May 1, 2010

Summary

Vezf1 is crucial for vascular development, regulating endothelial cell differentiation and extracellular matrix formation. Its absence impairs vascular network formation and affects hematopoietic lineages.

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Area of Science:

Developmental Biology
Molecular Biology
Stem Cell Biology

Background:

Vezf1 (VEZF1) is an early zinc finger transcription factor essential for vascular development.
Vezf1 function is dose-dependent and plays a role in endothelial cell differentiation and maturation.

Purpose of the Study:

Investigate the role of Vezf1 in endothelial cell differentiation and maturation.
Utilize in vitro embryoid body and in vivo teratocarcinoma models with mutant Vezf1 embryonic stem (ES) cells.

Main Methods:

Studied mutant Vezf1 ES cells in embryoid body differentiation models.
Analyzed teratocarcinoma formation and differentiation in vivo.
Performed histological and immunohistochemical examinations.

Main Results:

Vezf1-/- ES cell embryoid bodies showed vascular network and sprouting defects.
Loss of Vezf1 led to reduced retinol/vitamin A signaling and aberrant extracellular matrix (ECM) formation.
Vezf1 deficiency also caused defects in hematopoietic cell differentiation and altered ECM deposition in teratocarcinomas.

Conclusions:

Vezf1 is involved in early vascular differentiation.
Vezf1 regulates endothelial cell differentiation, proliferation, and ECM distribution.
The retinol pathway mediates Vezf1 function in vascular development.