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Related Concept Videos

Rabies01:28

Rabies

Rabies is a lethal zoonotic disease caused by a single-stranded, negative-sense RNA virus of the Lyssavirus genus, within the family Rhabdoviridae. Its primary mode of transmission to humans is through bites or saliva-contaminated scratches from infected mammals such as dogs, bats, raccoons, or foxes. Transmission can also occur if infectious saliva contacts abraded skin or intact mucous membranes, including the conjunctiva.Viral Entry and Early ReplicationOnce introduced at the bite or scratch...
Tetanus01:29

Tetanus

Tetanus is a life-threatening neurological disorder characterized by persistent muscle contractions and spastic paralysis. It is caused by Clostridium tetani, a motile, Gram-positive, rod-shaped, obligate anaerobe. These bacteria produce terminal endospores, giving them a distinctive “lollipop” or “tennis-racket” appearance. They thrive in anaerobic environments, such as those found in deep puncture wounds.Once introduced into the body, the spores germinate into vegetative cells. These cells...
Anticholinesterase Agents: Poisoning and Treatment01:26

Anticholinesterase Agents: Poisoning and Treatment

Anticholinesterases, also known as cholinesterase inhibitors, work by blocking the breakdown of acetylcholine, leading to its accumulation in the synaptic cleft. This accumulation indirectly enhances both muscarinic and nicotinic actions. These agents are classified as reversible or irreversible based on their mechanism of action.     
Irreversible agents form a strong bond with the cholinesterase enzyme, making it inactive. The breakdown of the phosphorylated enzyme is slower than the...
Depolarizing Blockers: Pharmocokinetics01:19

Depolarizing Blockers: Pharmocokinetics

Depolarizing blockers are administered through intravenous injection. Succinylcholine is the most common choice of depolarizing blockers in emergency clinical practices. Although they have a rapid onset, they readily diffuse away from the motor end plate into the extracellular fluid. They are metabolized by enzymes such as liver butyrylcholinesterase and plasma pseudocholinesterases. This produces a short duration of action, typically 5-10 minutes long, unlike nondepolarizing blockers, which...
Botulism01:22

Botulism

Botulism is a life-threatening neuroparalytic condition caused by botulinum neurotoxin, which is produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum, a Gram-positive, spore-forming, obligate anaerobe.In adults, the toxin enters the body in different ways: in foodborne botulism, the preformed toxin is absorbed in the intestine. In wound botulism, spores grow in injured tissue and release the toxin into the blood. Infant botulism differs mechanistically from adult forms. In infants, botulism commonly...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Targeting the Corticospinal Tract in Neonatal Rats with a Double-Viral Vector using Combined Brain and Spine Surgery
07:27

Targeting the Corticospinal Tract in Neonatal Rats with a Double-Viral Vector using Combined Brain and Spine Surgery

Published on: June 30, 2021

Antisnake venom in a neonate with snake bite.

Geetanjali Jindal1, Vidushi Mahajan, Veena R Parmar

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Government Medical College, Sector 32, Chandigarh, India. geetanjali_jindal@yahoo.com

Indian Pediatrics
|May 1, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Antisnake venom (ASV) successfully treated a 27-day-old neonate with neuroparalytic snakebite symptoms. This case highlights ASV

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Toxicology
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Snakebite envenomation is a significant health concern globally.
  • Neuroparalytic manifestations are a severe complication of certain snakebites.
  • Limited data exists on treating neonatal snakebite victims.

Observation:

  • A 27-day-old female neonate presented with symptoms of neuroparalysis post-snakebite.
  • The neonate received polyvalent antisnake venom (ASV) treatment.

Findings:

  • Successful treatment of neonatal neuroparalytic snakebite using ASV.
  • A total of 50 vials (500 mL) of ASV were administered over 72 hours.
  • Treatment involved hourly infusions of 50 mL ASV.

Implications:

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  • This case suggests ASV is a viable treatment option for neonatal snakebite.
  • Further research is warranted to establish ASV protocols for neonates.
  • Early ASV administration may improve outcomes in severe neonatal snakebite cases.