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Related Concept Videos

Testes: Gross Anatomy01:19

Testes: Gross Anatomy

The testes, also known as testicles, are the male gonads. They are housed within the scrotum, a sac-like structure located beneath the penis. The scrotum's primary role is to regulate the temperature of the testes, which is crucial for sperm production.
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Testes: Histology

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Disorders of the Male Reproductive System

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Microscopic Cyst Resection for the Treatment of Patients Diagnosed with Epididymal Cyst
03:10

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Published on: March 31, 2023

Undescended testis: how extensive should the work up be?

Altaf Hussain Shera1, Aejaz Ahsan Baba, Shyam Kumar Gupta

  • 1Department of Pediatric Surgery, Sheri Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, Kashmir, India.

African Journal of Paediatric Surgery : AJPS
|May 1, 2010
PubMed
Summary

This study on undescended testis in children found associated anomalies in 11% of cases. Ultrasonography is recommended for all, with further imaging selectively based on findings.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Urology
  • Developmental Pediatrics

Background:

  • Undescended testis (cryptorchidism) is a common congenital anomaly in pediatric surgery.
  • Associated genitourinary anomalies and syndromes can occur with undescended testis.
  • Determining the appropriate diagnostic workup is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the spectrum of anomalies associated with undescended testis in children.
  • To establish guidelines for the necessary diagnostic workup for undescended testis.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective study of 250 pediatric patients (0-14 years) with undescended testis was conducted.
  • Data included patient history, physical examination, and baseline investigations (including abdominal ultrasonography).
  • Selective use of further imaging (IVU, MCU, CT, laparoscopy) was based on clinical or initial ultrasound findings.

Main Results:

  • 250 cases of undescended testis were analyzed, with the majority in the 5-10 year age group.
  • Associated anomalies included upper urinary tract duplication (3.2%), hydronephrosis, polycystic kidney, and various renal ectopias (0.8-0.4%).
  • Genital abnormalities such as hydrocele, hypospadias, and hernia were frequently observed.

Conclusions:

  • Ultrasonography, alongside thorough history and physical examination, is recommended for all cases of undescended testis.
  • Advanced imaging like IVP, MCU, and CT scans should be reserved for select cases indicated by clinical or ultrasound results.