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Gastroparesis: current concepts and management.

Tatsuhiro Masaoka¹, Jan Tack

¹Center for Gastroenterological Research, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.

|May 1, 2010

Summary

Gastroparesis, characterized by delayed gastric emptying, presents with nausea and vomiting. While medical treatments exist, their effectiveness is limited, and invasive options are considered for severe cases.

Keywords:

Delayed gastric emptying Diabetes mellitus Gastric electrical stimulation Gastroparesis Prokinetic therapy

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Area of Science:

Gastroenterology
Digestive System Disorders

Background:

Gastroparesis involves delayed gastric emptying without mechanical obstruction.
Common symptoms include postprandial fullness, nausea, and vomiting.
Diagnostic tests for gastric motor function have limited impact on treatment decisions.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the diagnosis and management of gastroparesis.
To discuss current therapeutic options and their limitations.

Main Methods:

Literature review of gastroparesis diagnosis and treatment.
Analysis of clinical guidelines and evidence for gastroprokinetic agents.
Overview of invasive therapeutic interventions.

Main Results:

Exclusion of mechanical causes and electrolyte imbalances is crucial for diagnosis.
Empirical treatment with gastroprokinetics like domperidone or metoclopramide lacks overwhelming evidence.
Invasive therapies are reserved for refractory cases with severe weight loss.

Conclusions:

Gastroparesis diagnosis relies on clinical suspicion and exclusion of other conditions.
Current pharmacological treatments for gastroparesis show limited efficacy.
Advanced interventions are necessary for managing severe and refractory gastroparesis cases.