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Related Concept Videos

Teratogenicity01:07

Teratogenicity

The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...
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Neurulation is the embryological process which forms the precursors of the central nervous system and occurs after gastrulation has established the three primary cell layers of the embryo: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. In humans, the majority of this system is formed via primary neurulation, in which the central portion of the ectoderm—originally appearing as a flat sheet of cells—folds upwards and inwards, sealing off to form a hollow neural tube. As development proceeds, the anterior...

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The brain in the belly: what and how of fetal neuroimaging?

Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI·2012
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Induction and Micro-CT Imaging of Cerebral Cavernous Malformations in Mouse Model
05:12

Induction and Micro-CT Imaging of Cerebral Cavernous Malformations in Mouse Model

Published on: September 4, 2017

Cerebral malformations without antenatal diagnosis.

Nadine J Girard1

  • 1Diagnostic Neuroradiology, Hôpital Timone, 264 Rue Saint Pierre, 13385 Marseille cedex 5, France. nadine.girard@ap-hm.fr

Pediatric Radiology
|May 1, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cerebral malformations, developmental brain abnormalities, are diagnosed based on developmental stage. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is key for assessing these conditions in infants and children.

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Last Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Induction and Micro-CT Imaging of Cerebral Cavernous Malformations in Mouse Model
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Published on: September 4, 2017

A Novel Strategy Combining Array-CGH, Whole-exome Sequencing and In Utero Electroporation in Rodents to Identify Causative Genes for Brain Malformations
08:22

A Novel Strategy Combining Array-CGH, Whole-exome Sequencing and In Utero Electroporation in Rodents to Identify Causative Genes for Brain Malformations

Published on: December 1, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Cerebral malformations are congenital abnormalities of brain development.
  • They are often categorized by the stage of development they disrupt, including neurulation, diverticulation, and histogenesis.
  • Clinical presentation varies, with symptoms like epilepsy and developmental delays often indicating these conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of cerebral malformations based on developmental stages.
  • To highlight key clinical symptoms associated with these malformations.
  • To emphasize the role of MRI in diagnosing cerebral malformations.

Main Methods:

  • Review of developmental processes in the brain.
  • Classification of malformations according to developmental timing (in utero vs. infancy/childhood).
  • Identification of characteristic clinical symptoms.
  • Emphasis on diagnostic imaging modalities.

Main Results:

  • Malformations are linked to specific developmental events: neurulation, diverticulation, and histogenesis.
  • Disorders of histogenesis are typically identified postnatally.
  • Congenital hemiparesis, epilepsy, and developmental delays are common clinical indicators.
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the preferred diagnostic tool.

Conclusions:

  • Cerebral malformations represent a spectrum of developmental brain disorders.
  • Clinical presentation and diagnostic timing depend on the underlying developmental disruption.
  • MRI is essential for the accurate assessment and diagnosis of cerebral malformations.