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Related Concept Videos

Longitudinal Research02:20

Longitudinal Research

Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...
Longitudinal Studies01:26

Longitudinal Studies

Longitudinal studies are also widely used in other medical and social science fields. For instance, in cardiovascular research, they can monitor patients' health over decades to identify risk factors for heart disease, such as high cholesterol or smoking, and evaluate the long-term effectiveness of preventive measures. Similarly, in mental health studies, researchers might follow individuals from adolescence into adulthood to understand the development and progression of conditions like...
Parenting Styles01:27

Parenting Styles

Diana Baumrind's four parenting styles — authoritarian, authoritative, neglectful, and permissive — each influence children's socio-emotional development differently.
Authoritarian Parenting
This style is strict and controlling, with little room for open dialogue. Authoritarian parents demand obedience and often enforce rules with minimal warmth. Children raised this way may lack social skills and initiative, usually comparing themselves to others unfavorably.
Authoritative Parenting
This...
Influence of Parents and Peers on Identity01:23

Influence of Parents and Peers on Identity

Adolescence is a pivotal period of identity formation, during which individuals begin to answer questions central to their sense of self, such as "Who am I?" and "Who do I hope to become?" Both parents and peers play critical roles in guiding adolescents through this complex developmental phase.
Parental Influence on Identity Development
Parents serve as primary guides and managers in an adolescent's life, offering support instrumental in decision-making and personal growth. This guiding role...
Relationship with Parents: Attachment01:28

Relationship with Parents: Attachment

Parent-child interactions lay the foundation for how we understand relationships throughout life. These interactions are not uniform across families; instead, they are shaped by a range of environmental, emotional, and behavioral factors unique to each caregiver-child dynamic. Social psychologists study these early relationships to understand how patterns formed in infancy influence social functioning and interpersonal behavior in adulthood.Attachment Theory and Early Relational ModelsJohn...
Oppositional Defiant Disorder01:30

Oppositional Defiant Disorder

A persistent pattern of angry or irritable mood, defiant behavior, or vindictiveness characterizes Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Symptoms must occur over at least six months, involve interactions with individuals beyond siblings, and meet specific diagnostic criteria to be clinically significant. The disorder affects emotional regulation, social interactions, and behavior, often manifesting early in life and influencing long-term development and functioning.
Diagnostic Criteria and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Assessing the Coherence of Parents' Short Narratives Regarding their Child Using the Five-Minute Speech Sample Procedure
07:56

Assessing the Coherence of Parents' Short Narratives Regarding their Child Using the Five-Minute Speech Sample Procedure

Published on: September 19, 2019

Parenting practices and school dropout: a longitudinal study.

Kristjana S Blondal1, Sigrun Adalbjarnardottir

  • 1Faculty of Social and Human Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.

Adolescence
|May 4, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Authoritative parenting, characterized by acceptance and supervision, is linked to higher educational attainment in adolescents. This parenting style is a stronger predictor of preventing school dropout than parental involvement alone.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Educational Psychology
  • Sociology of Education

Background:

  • Parenting styles significantly influence adolescent development and educational outcomes.
  • Understanding the long-term impact of parenting on school dropout is crucial for intervention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the longitudinal relationship between adolescents' perceptions of parenting style and parental involvement and their likelihood of school dropout.
  • To determine if parenting style or parental involvement is a stronger predictor of educational attainment.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal study of 427 Icelandic youth, tracking perceptions of parenting and educational outcomes.
  • Statistical controls for adolescent gender, socioeconomic status (SES), temperament, and parental involvement.

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Using Cholesky Decomposition to Explore Individual Differences in Longitudinal Relations between Reading Skills
06:52

Using Cholesky Decomposition to Explore Individual Differences in Longitudinal Relations between Reading Skills

Published on: September 17, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Assessing the Coherence of Parents' Short Narratives Regarding their Child Using the Five-Minute Speech Sample Procedure
07:56

Assessing the Coherence of Parents' Short Narratives Regarding their Child Using the Five-Minute Speech Sample Procedure

Published on: September 19, 2019

Using Cholesky Decomposition to Explore Individual Differences in Longitudinal Relations between Reading Skills
06:52

Using Cholesky Decomposition to Explore Individual Differences in Longitudinal Relations between Reading Skills

Published on: September 17, 2019

Main Results:

  • Adolescents perceiving authoritative parenting at age 14 were more likely to complete upper secondary school by age 22.
  • Authoritative parenting was a stronger predictor of preventing school dropout than parental involvement.
  • Parental involvement reduced dropout likelihood only within authoritative families.

Conclusions:

  • Authoritative parenting is vital for promoting educational persistence and reducing school dropout rates.
  • Quality parent-child relationships are essential for academic success and should be encouraged.
  • Parenting style plays a more significant role in educational outcomes than parental involvement alone.