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Counterfeit drugs: analytical techniques for their identification.

R Martino¹, M Malet-Martino, V Gilard

¹Groupe de RMN Biomédicale, Laboratoire de Synthèse et Physico-Chimie de Molécules d'Intérêt Biologique (SPCMIB), Université de Toulouse, UPS, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France.

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry

|May 4, 2010

Summary

Counterfeit drugs pose a significant threat to public health and the pharmaceutical industry. This review examines analytical methods for detecting fake medicines, focusing on artemisinin derivatives.

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Area of Science:

Pharmaceutical analysis
Drug quality control
Counterfeit medicine detection

Background:

Counterfeit drugs are a growing global problem, impacting public health and causing substantial financial losses to pharmaceutical companies.
The prevalence of counterfeit drugs is estimated at 10% worldwide, but this figure varies significantly by region and purchasing location.
Sophisticated counterfeiters make visual inspection unreliable, necessitating advanced analytical techniques for drug quality control.

Purpose of the Study:

To critically review recent analytical methods for controlling drug formulation quality.
To highlight the importance of chemical analysis in combating sophisticated drug counterfeiting.
To use artemisinin derivatives as a case study for drug analysis.

Main Methods:

Review of various analytical techniques for drug quality assessment.
Inclusion of simple, in-field methods like colorimetry and thin-layer chromatography.
Discussion of advanced laboratory methods such as mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance, and vibrational spectroscopies, alongside widely used chromatographic methods.

Main Results:

Artemisinin derivatives, a class of drugs frequently targeted by counterfeiters, are analyzed using a wide range of techniques.
Analytical methods span from basic field tests to complex laboratory analyses.
Chromatographic methods remain the most prevalent approach for drug analysis.

Conclusions:

Chemical analysis is essential for identifying counterfeit drugs due to increasing sophistication of counterfeiters.
A broad spectrum of analytical techniques is available, from simple to advanced.
Selecting the appropriate analytical method requires careful consideration of specific needs and contexts.