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Understanding weight loss in patients with colorectal cancer: a human response to illness
Sunita Bayyavarapu Bapuji1, Jo-Ann V Sawatzky
1Research and Evaluation Unit, Winnipeg Regional Health Authority, Manitoba, Canada. sunita_hb@yahoo.co.in
Purpose/Objectives:
To provide a comprehensive overview of weight loss in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) within the context of the Human Response to Illness (HRTI) model.
Data Sources:
Research from 1990-2008 and classic research from the 1980s were included. PubMed, CINAHL(R), and Google Scholar were searched for the terms cancer, CRC, weight loss, and cancer cachexia.
Data Synthesis:
Progressive, unintentional weight loss is a common issue in patients with CRC that has a devastating effect on patients' self-image, quality of life, and survival. Physiologic abnormalities, responses to the tumor, and treatments contribute to weight loss in these patients. In addition, cancer cachexia is an end-stage wasting syndrome and a major cause of morbidity and mortality in this population.
Conclusions:
The HRTI model provides an appropriate framework to gain a comprehensive understanding of the physiologic, pathophysiologic, behavioral, and experiential perspectives of weight loss and cancer cachexia in patients with CRC.
Implications For Nursing:
By examining weight loss in patients with CRC within the context of the four perspectives of the HRTI model, oncology and gastroenterology nurses can gain insight into optimal, evidence-based assessment and management of this patient population. In addition, current gaps in knowledge can be identified and provide guidance for future nursing research.
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