Nursing measures in the prevention and treatment of renal cell damage associated with cisplatin administration

Renal tubule damage as a result of the nephrotoxic effects of cisplatin is a well-documented effect of cisplatin administration. This damage results in electrolyte imbalances through electrolyte wasting and electrolyte reabsorption failure in the renal tubule. Electrolytes most commonly affected are magnesium, calcium, and potassium. Other indicators of renal cell damage are elevations in blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine and a decrease in creatinine clearance levels. Individuals with marginal renal function or those who have had multiple doses of cisplatin or other nephrotoxic drugs are at increased risk for developing nephrotoxicity. Early assessment of risk factors and the implementing and evaluating of interventions to facilitate prevention of nephrotoxicity will presumably minimize the incidence and degree of renal damage.