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Substance abuse and movement disorders.

Marta San Luciano1, Rachel Saunders-Pullman

  • 1Beth Israel Medical Center, New York, NY 10003, USA.

Current Drug Abuse Reviews
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PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Substance abuse can cause various movement disorders, while alcoholism is linked to essential tremor and myoclonus-dystonia. Dopaminergic agents may also have abuse potential in Parkinson's disease patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Clinical Neurology
  • Addiction Medicine

Background:

  • Movement disorders and substance abuse often present complex, intertwined clinical scenarios.
  • Understanding these relationships is crucial for accurate diagnosis and effective treatment.
  • Comorbidities between substance use disorders and neurological conditions require specialized attention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the multifaceted connections between substance abuse and movement disorders.
  • To highlight movement abnormalities resulting from acute drug use or withdrawal.
  • To examine the comorbidity of alcoholism with essential tremor and myoclonus-dystonia.
  • To assess the abuse potential of dopaminergic agents in Parkinson's disease.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on substance abuse and movement disorders.
  • Analysis of direct consequences of acute drug use and withdrawal on motor function.
  • Examination of recent advances in the comorbidity of alcoholism with essential tremor and myoclonus-dystonia.
  • Discussion of the abuse potential of apomorphine and levodopa in Parkinson's disease.

Main Results:

  • Acute use or withdrawal of substances like alcohol, cocaine, heroin, amphetamine, and methcathinone can precipitate diverse movement disorders.
  • Alcoholism shows significant comorbidity with essential tremor and myoclonus-dystonia, with recent research advancing understanding.
  • Dopaminergic agents, specifically apomorphine and levodopa, carry a potential for abuse in individuals with Parkinson's disease.

Conclusions:

  • Movement disorders are a significant consequence of substance abuse, necessitating clinical awareness.
  • The interplay between alcoholism and specific movement disorders like essential tremor and myoclonus-dystonia is an active area of research.
  • Careful consideration of abuse potential is vital when prescribing dopaminergic therapies for Parkinson's disease.