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Heat regulation during exercise with controlled cooling.

P Webb1, F J Nagle, D M Wanta

  • 1Biodynamics Laboratory, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706.

European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology
|January 1, 1991
PubMed
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During intense exercise, controlled cooling matched heat loss to total heat production, minimizing sweating. Body temperature regulation is complex, with heat flow, not just metabolic rate, influencing core temperature.

Area of Science:

  • Exercise Physiology
  • Human Thermoregulation
  • Environmental Physiology

Background:

  • During strenuous exercise, the body generates significant metabolic heat.
  • Effective heat dissipation through sweating is crucial for preventing hyperthermia.
  • Previous research has focused on the role of metabolic rate in thermoregulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between heat loss, total heat production, and body temperature during exercise with controlled cooling.
  • To determine whether heat loss is regulated to match total heat production or metabolic rate.
  • To explore the primary controlled variable in human thermoregulation during exercise.

Main Methods:

  • Subjects performed sustained exercise (uphill and downhill walking) with independently varied total heat production and metabolic rate.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Heat loss was directly measured using a suit calorimeter.
  • Metabolic energy expenditure was assessed via respiratory gas exchange, and body temperatures were continuously monitored.

    • Main Results:

    • Controlled cooling effectively matched heat loss to total heat production, significantly reducing sweating.
    • Heat loss was found to closely track total heat production, rather than the metabolic rate alone.
    • Rectal temperature showed a slow rise and correlated most closely with total heat, independent of sweating.

    Conclusions:

    • Heat flow or heat content appears to be the primary controlled variable in human thermoregulation during exercise.
    • Body temperature rise may be a secondary consequence of thermal transport lag, rather than a directly regulated set point.
    • Minimizing sweating through external cooling demonstrates the body's capacity to balance heat production and loss through other mechanisms.