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Related Concept Videos

Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
Epigenetic Regulation01:46

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
Epigenetic Regulation01:46

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
Inheritance of Chromatin Structures03:17

Inheritance of Chromatin Structures

Epigenetics is the study of inherited changes in a cell's phenotype without changing the DNA sequences. It provides a form of memory for the differential gene expression pattern to maintain cell lineage, position-effect variegation, dosage compensation, and maintenance of chromatin structures such as telomeres and centromeres. For example, the structure and location of the centromere on chromosomes are epigenetically inherited. Its functionality is not dictated or ensured by the underlying DNA...
Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells01:32

Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells

Chromatin modification alters gene expression; therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.
Compact chromatin makes reprogramming difficult. Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. Molecules that inhibit histone...
Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Analyses of Proteinuria, Renal Infiltration of Leukocytes, and Renal Deposition of Proteins in Lupus-prone MRL/lpr Mice
09:43

Analyses of Proteinuria, Renal Infiltration of Leukocytes, and Renal Deposition of Proteins in Lupus-prone MRL/lpr Mice

Published on: June 8, 2022

Epigenetic mechanisms in lupus.

Dipak R Patel1, Bruce C Richardson

  • 1University of Michigan, Ann Arbor Veterans Affairs Hospital, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.

Current Opinion in Rheumatology
|May 7, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Epigenetic dysregulation, particularly DNA demethylation, is key in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Recent studies confirm its role and identify new immune genes involved in SLE pathogenesis.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Epigenetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation and demethylation, are crucial for regulating gene expression.
  • Aberrant epigenetic gene regulation is increasingly linked to the pathogenesis of various disorders.
  • Epigenetic alterations are particularly implicated in the development of autoimmune diseases like systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and summarize the established and recent advances in understanding epigenetic mechanisms contributing to human systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
  • To focus on the roles of DNA demethylation and DNA methyltransferase enzyme dysregulation in SLE pathogenesis.
  • To highlight novel findings and their implications for future therapeutic strategies.

Main Methods:

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The bm12 Inducible Model of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) in C57BL/6 Mice
12:04

The bm12 Inducible Model of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) in C57BL/6 Mice

Published on: November 1, 2015

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Analyses of Proteinuria, Renal Infiltration of Leukocytes, and Renal Deposition of Proteins in Lupus-prone MRL/lpr Mice
09:43

Analyses of Proteinuria, Renal Infiltration of Leukocytes, and Renal Deposition of Proteins in Lupus-prone MRL/lpr Mice

Published on: June 8, 2022

The bm12 Inducible Model of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) in C57BL/6 Mice
12:04

The bm12 Inducible Model of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) in C57BL/6 Mice

Published on: November 1, 2015

  • Review of existing literature on epigenetic mechanisms in SLE.
  • Analysis of recent studies, including twin studies, investigating DNA demethylation in SLE.
  • Identification and characterization of novel immune genes and demethylation pathways involved in SLE.

Main Results:

  • Twin studies confirmed the significant role of DNA demethylation in SLE.
  • New T lymphocyte immune genes activated by DNA demethylation, potentially contributing to autoreactivity, were identified.
  • Novel mechanisms underlying DNA demethylation in the context of SLE were discovered.

Conclusions:

  • A thorough understanding of epigenetic mechanisms in SLE is essential for developing targeted therapies.
  • Future therapeutic strategies may focus on correcting aberrant epigenetic modifications or targeting dysregulated genes in SLE.
  • While specific treatments are pending, these epigenetic approaches show promise for managing human lupus.