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Innervation of anulus tears: an experimental animal study.

Andrew B Fagan1, Ghafar Sarvestani, Robert J Moore

  • 1Spine Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia. andrew.fagan@adelaide.edu.au

Spine
|May 7, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Neoinnervation in experimental anular tears was studied in sheep. Nerves were found only in the outer anulus, suggesting limited innervation in disc tears.

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Area of Science:

  • Spinal research
  • Histopathology
  • Animal models

Background:

  • Neoinnervation of degenerate discs is controversial and linked to discogenic pain.
  • Ablation of neoinnervation is theorized for procedures like intradiscal electrotherapy.
  • An established animal model allows investigation of anular tear innervation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize neoinnervation in experimental anular tears.
  • To describe the phenotype of nerves within the anular tear.
  • To investigate the extent of nerve ingrowth in a sheep disc degeneration model.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective immunohistological study in a sheep model.
  • Surgical anular tears created in lumbar discs (n=5) from 11 sheep.

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  • Histological analysis with immunostaining for protein gene product 9.5, tyrosine hydroxylase, and calcitonin gene receptor protein at 1, 2, 3, and 12 months.

    • Main Results:

    • Neoinnervation observed at the periphery of the anular tear.
    • Ingrowing nerves penetrated slightly deeper than normal anular innervation.
    • No nerves identified in the inner anulus or nucleus; some axons were positive for calcitonin gene receptor protein or tyrosine hydroxylase.

    Conclusions:

    • Anular tears in this model exhibit peripheral innervation only.
    • Innervation depth is only marginally greater than normal anular innervation.
    • Findings suggest limited neoinnervation in experimental disc anular tears.