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Related Concept Videos

Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens01:29

Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens

The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
Cells of the Innate Immune Response01:28

Cells of the Innate Immune Response

The innate immune response is an immediate and non-specific response against pathogens, acting swiftly to prevent the spread of infections. The primary cells involved in this response are phagocytes and natural killer (NK) cells.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes police the peripheral tissues by removing cellular debris and responding to the invasion of foreign substances or pathogens. Many phagocytes attack and remove microorganisms even before lymphocytes detect them. The human body has two general...
Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

Overview
Immune Surveillance by NK Cells and Phagocytes01:25

Immune Surveillance by NK Cells and Phagocytes

Immune surveillance is an integral part of the innate immune system, involving the continuous monitoring of peripheral tissues to detect and respond to pathogens, infected cells, or cancerous cells. This surveillance is conducted primarily by natural killer (NK) cells and phagocytes, which employ distinct but complementary mechanisms to identify and eliminate threats.
Natural Killer Cells: The Fast Responders
NK cells are large granular lymphocytes found in the blood and lymphatic system. These...
Antigen Presenting Cells01:22

Antigen Presenting Cells

The immune system is a complex network of cells and molecules that protects the body from foreign invaders. T cells, a type of white blood cell, play a crucial role in this process. They recognize and attack foreign substances, such as pathogens, that enter the body.
T cells require the help of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), which process foreign antigens into smaller fragments that can be recognized by T cells. These APCs are highly specialized cells that efficiently internalize antigens...
Lymphoid Cells and Tissues01:18

Lymphoid Cells and Tissues

Lymphoid cells and tissues are integral to the immune system, which is crucial in maintaining our body's defense against harmful pathogens. They form the building blocks of lymphoid organs, which include the spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes.
Lymphoid cells consist of various types of immune system cells. These include B and T lymphocytes, which are responsible for producing antibodies and killing infected cells, respectively. Dendritic cells act as messengers between the innate and adaptive...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Preparation of Single-cell Suspensions for Cytofluorimetric Analysis from Different Mouse Skin Regions
05:58

Preparation of Single-cell Suspensions for Cytofluorimetric Analysis from Different Mouse Skin Regions

Published on: April 20, 2016

Viruses and Langerhans cells.

Anthony L Cunningham1, Allison Abendroth, Cheryl Jones

  • 1Centre for Virus Research, Westmead Millennium Institute, New South Wales, Australia. Tony_Cunningham@wmi.usyd.edu.au

Immunology and Cell Biology
|May 7, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Langerhans cells (LCs) act as sentinels in the skin, interacting uniquely with viruses like HSV and HIV. Their role in immune response and antigen presentation varies significantly by virus type.

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Isolating And Immunostaining Lymphocytes and Dendritic Cells from Murine Peyer's Patches
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Isolating And Immunostaining Lymphocytes and Dendritic Cells from Murine Peyer's Patches

Published on: March 17, 2013

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Preparation of Single-cell Suspensions for Cytofluorimetric Analysis from Different Mouse Skin Regions
05:58

Preparation of Single-cell Suspensions for Cytofluorimetric Analysis from Different Mouse Skin Regions

Published on: April 20, 2016

Isolating And Immunostaining Lymphocytes and Dendritic Cells from Murine Peyer's Patches
09:49

Isolating And Immunostaining Lymphocytes and Dendritic Cells from Murine Peyer's Patches

Published on: March 17, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Dermatology
  • Virology

Background:

  • Langerhans cells (LCs) are key dendritic cells (DCs) in the epidermis and mucosal stratified squamous epithelium.
  • A similar DC population exists in the murine dermis.
  • LCs function as sentinel antigen-presenting cells, interacting with viruses like herpes simplex virus (HSV), varicella-zoster virus (VZV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the variable responses of LCs to different viral infections.
  • To explore the role of LCs in antigen presentation and immune response initiation.
  • To highlight the need for further research into LC-virus interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on Langerhans cell-virus interactions.
  • Comparative analysis of LC responses to HSV, VZV, and HIV.
  • Discussion of proposed mechanisms of LC involvement in viral immunity.

Main Results:

  • Viral interactions with LCs elicit diverse responses; for instance, HSV induces LC apoptosis, while HIV does not.
  • LCs are implicated in initiating T cell responses in lymph nodes for HSV and VZV.
  • LCs may transport viruses like HIV and VZV to T cells.
  • LCs, with keratinocytes, might contribute to the initial epidermal innate immune response.

Conclusions:

  • The biological responses of LCs to viruses are complex and virus-dependent.
  • LCs play a critical role in initiating adaptive immunity against viral pathogens.
  • Further in vitro and in vivo studies are necessary to fully elucidate LC-virus interactions and their immunological consequences.