Acinetobacter co-infection and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus: case report and literature review

Area of Science:

• Nephrology
• Infectious Diseases
• Microbiology

Background:

• Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) is a vital treatment for end-stage renal disease.
• Peritonitis is the primary complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD).
• Gram-positive cocci are the most common cause of PD peritonitis.

Observation:

• Acinetobacter species, a gram-negative bacterium, can cause peritonitis, sometimes asymptomatically.
• Co-infections involving Acinetobacter species and other pathogens in PD peritonitis are infrequently documented.
• This study details a case of peritonitis caused by a co-infection of Acinetobacter species and coagulase-negative staphylococci.

Findings:

• The co-infection with Acinetobacter species and coagulase-negative staphylococci resulted in patient dropout.
• The patient experiencing this co-infection ultimately died.
• Literature on Acinetobacter peritonitis in PD patients, especially concerning co-infections, is limited.

Implications:

• This case underscores the potential severity of Acinetobacter peritonitis, particularly in co-infection scenarios.
• Effective management strategies for Acinetobacter peritonitis in PD patients require further investigation.
• Understanding the clinical features and outcomes of such co-infections is crucial for improving patient care and prognosis.