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Related Concept Videos

Disorders of Erythrocytes01:27

Disorders of Erythrocytes

Disorders of erythrocytes, or red blood cells (RBCs), include a range of conditions affecting their number, shape, or function.
Erythrocyte disorders can be broadly categorized into two main types: anemic and polycythemic conditions.
A low oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood due to the loss, lower production, or destruction of erythrocytes is termed anemia. Hemorrhagic anemia, for example, occurs when bleeding from an external wound or internal ulcer reduces erythrocyte counts.
On the other...
Microbes and Other Elemental Cycles01:24

Microbes and Other Elemental Cycles

Microbial activity plays a pivotal role in the biogeochemical cycling of iron and manganese, especially at the redox gradients characteristic of stratified aquatic environments. These cycles are driven by microbial transformations between oxidized and reduced forms of the metals, allowing organisms to exploit them for metabolic energy and structural purposes.Iron Cycling Across Redox GradientsIn neutral, oxygen-rich surface waters, iron is predominantly found in its oxidized, insoluble ferric...
Minerals01:26

Minerals

Minerals are essential nutrients that the human body needs in small amounts to work properly. They play a vital role in many bodily functions, such as building strong bones and transmitting nerve impulses. Some minerals are needed for hormone production or to maintain a normal heartbeat. Major minerals include calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, sodium, chlorine, and magnesium, while trace minerals include iron, manganese, copper, iodine, zinc, cobalt, fluoride, and selenium.
Factors Affecting Erythropoiesis01:24

Factors Affecting Erythropoiesis

The cardiovascular system regulates the number of erythrocytes in the bloodstream to ensure optimal oxygen transport. It also prevents over-proliferation of these cells, which helps to maintain blood viscosity and flow rate.
Several factors influence the erythrocyte production rate, with tissue oxygen level being among the most critical. Intense exercise or high altitudes can cause tissue hypoxia, which triggers the kidneys to release more erythropoietin (EPO) into the bloodstream.
EPO then...
The Early Endosome: Endocytosis of Transferrin01:28

The Early Endosome: Endocytosis of Transferrin

Essential proteins such as insulin or low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and micronutrients such as iron enter a eukaryotic cell through receptor-mediated endocytosis. Subsequently, the early endosomes fuse with the vesicles containing such receptor-ligand complexes and play a vital role in sorting the incoming ligands and receptors. While the ligands are either degraded inside the vesicle or released into the cytosol, their receptors are returned to the plasma membrane for further rounds of...
Lifecycle of Erythrocytes01:22

Lifecycle of Erythrocytes

Erythrocytes, also known as red blood cells, constantly move through blood capillaries. As a result, they damage their plasma membrane due to the continuous friction. Typically, after 100 to 120 days, erythrocytes become rigid and fragile as they wear out. As they pass through small vessels in the spleen and liver, they can get trapped and break apart into fragments.
The resident phagocytic macrophages deal with these damaged cells by engulfing them and separating their globin and heme groups.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 13, 2026

A Point-of-Care Method with Integrated Decision Support Tool to Estimate Anemia at Population Level
05:35

A Point-of-Care Method with Integrated Decision Support Tool to Estimate Anemia at Population Level

Published on: January 19, 2024

[How to explore iron-deficiency anemia].

Jean-Christophe Saurin1

  • 1Hopital Edouard-Herriot, service d'hépatogastroentérologie, 69437 Lyon cedex 3, France. jean-christophe.saurin@inserm.fr

Presse Medicale (Paris, France : 1983)
|May 8, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Iron-deficiency anemias in older adults and young women require a structured diagnostic approach. Endoscopic evaluations, including capsule endoscopy, are crucial for identifying gastrointestinal causes of anemia.

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Quantitating Iron Transport Across the Mouse Placenta In Vivo Using Nonradioactive Iron Isotopes
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Quantitating Iron Transport Across the Mouse Placenta In Vivo Using Nonradioactive Iron Isotopes

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Last Updated: Jun 13, 2026

A Point-of-Care Method with Integrated Decision Support Tool to Estimate Anemia at Population Level
05:35

A Point-of-Care Method with Integrated Decision Support Tool to Estimate Anemia at Population Level

Published on: January 19, 2024

Measurement of Tissue Non-Heme Iron Content using a Bathophenanthroline-Based Colorimetric Assay
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Measurement of Tissue Non-Heme Iron Content using a Bathophenanthroline-Based Colorimetric Assay

Published on: January 31, 2022

Quantitating Iron Transport Across the Mouse Placenta In Vivo Using Nonradioactive Iron Isotopes
08:45

Quantitating Iron Transport Across the Mouse Placenta In Vivo Using Nonradioactive Iron Isotopes

Published on: May 10, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Internal Medicine
  • Hematology

Context:

  • Anemia is a common condition, particularly in older adults and young women, with varying underlying causes.
  • Iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) is a significant subset requiring thorough investigation, especially in patients over 65 and young women.
  • Diagnostic strategies must differentiate IDA from other anemias and identify specific gastrointestinal sources.

Purpose:

  • To outline an effective, step-by-step diagnostic strategy for identifying the causes of anemia, focusing on iron-deficiency anemia in patients over 65 and young women.
  • To evaluate the utility of various endoscopic procedures, including bidirectional endoscopy and capsule endoscopy, in diagnosing gastrointestinal pathologies contributing to anemia.

Summary:

  • In patients over 65 with IDA, bidirectional endoscopy is highly effective (up to 90%) in diagnosing the cause. If initial endoscopy is negative, capsule endoscopy is recommended, followed by repeat bidirectional endoscopy for missed lesions.
  • In young women, anemia is frequently IDA with diverse causes (dietary, gynecologic, digestive). A stepwise approach is vital, with upper endoscopy considered for digestive symptoms to diagnose conditions like H. pylori gastritis or celiac disease.
  • Capsule endoscopy's clinical relevance in young women with anemia is currently considered minimal, necessitating further evaluation.

Impact:

  • Provides a clear, evidence-based diagnostic algorithm for clinicians managing anemia in specific patient populations.
  • Aims to optimize the use of diagnostic tools, reducing unnecessary procedures and improving diagnostic yield for gastrointestinal causes of anemia.
  • Highlights the importance of tailored investigations based on age and clinical presentation to ensure accurate and timely diagnosis of anemia.