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Updated: Jun 13, 2026

From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding
06:44

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Published on: March 24, 2018

Ion-pair evaporation from ionic liquid clusters.

Christopher J Hogan1, Juan Fernandez de la Mora

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8286, USA.

Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
|May 8, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ionic liquid clusters undergo sequential evaporation events, with smaller clusters evaporating more readily. Certain "magic number" cation clusters exhibit exceptionally low volatility, potentially acting as nucleation seeds in atmospheric studies.

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Published on: December 20, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Physical Chemistry
  • Atmospheric Science
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Ionic liquids (ILs) are molten salts with unique properties.
  • Understanding the behavior of IL clusters is crucial for atmospheric and nucleation studies.
  • Previous research has focused on bulk IL properties, with less known about their gas-phase cluster behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the evaporation dynamics of charged ionic liquid clusters.
  • To identify specific cluster sizes with unique volatility characteristics.
  • To explore the role of these clusters in ion-induced nucleation processes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a differential mobility analyzer (DMA) to select specific ionic liquid cluster ions.
  • Introduced clusters into nitrogen gas via electrospray of concentrated acetonitrile solutions.
  • Employed mass spectrometry to analyze mobility-selected ions and detect evaporation events.

Main Results:

  • Observed sequential neutral ion-pair evaporation from singly charged IL clusters.
  • Up to six evaporation events were detected, indicating significant energy input in ion guides.
  • Evaporation rate increased dramatically with decreasing cluster size, consistent with Kelvin's formula.
  • Identified "magic number" cation clusters ((CA)(4)C(+)) with unusually low volatility.

Conclusions:

  • Charged IL clusters exhibit size-dependent evaporation behavior.
  • Magic number cation clusters may act as critical gas-phase nucleation seeds.
  • The cation-specific involatility of these clusters could explain sign asymmetries in ion-induced nucleation.