Relation between nutritional risk and metabolic syndrome in the elderly
Hae Jin Kim1, Kang Soo Lee, Jin-Sup Eom
1Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ajou University School of Medicine, San 5, Woncheon-Dong, Yeongtong-Gu, Suwon 443-721, Republic of Korea.
Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics
|May 11, 2010
Summary
High nutritional risk, not overnutrition, is linked to metabolic syndrome (MS) in older adults. Assessing nutritional status may help identify elderly individuals at risk for MS, particularly those in their 60s.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Nutritional Science
- Cardiovascular Health
Background:
- Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a growing concern in aging populations.
- While overnutrition is often cited, undernutrition and nutritional imbalances may also contribute to MS.
- Understanding nutritional factors in the elderly is crucial for preventative health strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between nutritional risk and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) in elderly Koreans.
- To determine if nutritional status is an independent predictor of MS in different age groups within the elderly population.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of baseline data from 2284 Korean adults aged over 60 years from the Gwangju Dementia and Mild Cognitive Impairment Study (GDEMCIS).
- Metabolic syndrome (MS) diagnosis based on National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria.
- Nutritional risk assessment using the Nutrition Screening Initiative (NSI) checklist.
Main Results:
- Over half (53.4%) of the participants had MS.
- Individuals with MS exhibited significantly higher NSI scores, indicating greater nutritional risk (2.46 ± 1.89 vs. 2.18 ± 1.87, p<0.001).
- Moderate to high nutritional risk was associated with increased odds of abdominal obesity, elevated blood pressure, elevated glucose, and MS. This association was independent for individuals in their 60s.
Conclusions:
- Elevated nutritional risk is significantly associated with an increased prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) in the elderly.
- Nutritional status assessment can serve as a valuable marker for identifying MS risk, especially in younger elderly individuals (60s).
- Preventative nutritional interventions may be beneficial for reducing MS risk in the aging population.
Related Concept Videos
01:18Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism
Geriatric patients show significant variation in how their bodies process medications, which can change how effective and safe treatments are. The liver is the primary organ where drug metabolism occurs, involving two main types of chemical reactions: phase I and II. Phase I metabolism is driven by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, which includes key types such as CYP3A, CYP2D6, and CYP2C9. Research indicates that while aging doesn't notably alter the levels or activity of these enzymes, it...
01:18Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion
In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...
01:24Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction
Nephrotic Syndrome is a chronic kidney disorder defined by clinical findings such as severe proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema. These symptoms result from damage to the glomeruli, the kidney’s filtering units, increasing their permeability to proteins.Definition and Meaning:Proteinuria, defined as the loss of more than 3.5 grams of protein per day in adults, is a crucial feature of nephrotic syndrome. This condition is often accompanied by edema, the accumulation of fluid...
01:15Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients
Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
01:19Overview of Carbohydrate Metabolism
Carbohydrate metabolism is a fundamental biochemical process that ensures a constant supply of energy to living cells. The most important carbohydrate is glucose, which can be broken down via glycolysis to enter into the Krebs cycle and eventually lead to the production of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
Glucose transport into cells is facilitated by a family of transport proteins called GLUT (Glucose Transporters). GLUT4 is the primary glucose transporter for insulin-stimulated glucose...
Glucose transport into cells is facilitated by a family of transport proteins called GLUT (Glucose Transporters). GLUT4 is the primary glucose transporter for insulin-stimulated glucose...
01:24Obesity
The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in adipocytes...