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Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Rotating the Intraocular Lens to Prevent Posterior Capsular Opacification in Cataract Surgeries
04:59

Rotating the Intraocular Lens to Prevent Posterior Capsular Opacification in Cataract Surgeries

Published on: July 7, 2023

Couching for cataract in China.

Chi-Chao Chan1

  • 1Section of Immunopathology, Laboratory of Immunology, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1857, USA. chanc@nei.nih.gov

Survey of Ophthalmology
|May 11, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Cataract couching, an ancient surgical method, has a long history in China, evolving with political and cultural shifts. Modern ophthalmology reveals its high complication rates, leading to its decline in contemporary practice.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Medical History
  • Surgical Techniques

Background:

  • Cataract couching, described by Maharshi Sushruta around 600 BCE, was introduced to China via the Silk Road.
  • The procedure, known as jin pi shu, integrated with acupuncture and traditional Chinese medicine.
  • Jin pi shu was practiced in China until the Republic of China era, facing scrutiny for its scientific basis.

Observation:

  • The People's Republic of China, under Chairman Mao, revitalized traditional Chinese medicine, including jin pi shu.
  • Post-Mao era and China's opening led to critical evaluations of jin pi shu by ophthalmologists.
  • Comparisons with modern cataract surgery techniques highlighted jin pi shu's high complication and low success rates.

Findings:

  • Cataract couching (jin pi shu) has a historical trajectory deeply intertwined with Chinese culture and politics.
  • The procedure's efficacy is challenged by modern ophthalmological standards, showing significant drawbacks.
  • Jin pi shu is increasingly being replaced by contemporary cataract surgery methods in China.

Implications:

  • The decline of jin pi shu signifies a shift towards evidence-based medicine in China.
  • Understanding the history of jin pi shu offers insights into the evolution of medical practices and cultural influences.
  • The study underscores the importance of evaluating traditional procedures against modern scientific benchmarks for patient safety and outcomes.

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