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Related Concept Videos

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
Ophthalmic Drug Delivery Systems01:23

Ophthalmic Drug Delivery Systems

Ophthalmic drug delivery faces major limitations due to poor absorption across the corneal membrane. This process is primarily driven by diffusion and is influenced by two main factors: the physicochemical properties of the drug and tear drainage. Most ophthalmic drugs, such as pilocarpine, epinephrine, atropine, and local anesthetics, are weak bases. They are typically formulated at an acidic pH to enhance chemical stability. However, this leads to high ionization, reducing their ability to...
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption01:22

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption

As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...
Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways01:22

Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways

At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category, whereas...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Ultrasound Cyclo Plasty in Eyes with Glaucoma
05:05

Ultrasound Cyclo Plasty in Eyes with Glaucoma

Published on: January 26, 2018

[Glaucoma management during pregnancy].

D Denis1, G Touvron

  • 1Service d'ophtalmologie, hôpital Nord, CHU de Marseille, chemin Bourrely, 13015 Marseille, France.

Journal Francais D'Ophtalmologie
|May 11, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Managing glaucoma during pregnancy requires careful consideration of risks and benefits. Beta-blockers and selective laser trabeculoplasty are considered safer options when treatment is essential.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Ultrasound Cyclo Plasty in Eyes with Glaucoma
05:05

Ultrasound Cyclo Plasty in Eyes with Glaucoma

Published on: January 26, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Pharmacology
  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine

Context:

  • Glaucoma management during pregnancy presents significant challenges due to limited evidence and controversial treatment guidelines.
  • Evaluating the risks and benefits for both the mother and the fetus is crucial when considering therapeutic interventions.
  • There is a lack of consensus on the safest treatment approaches for pregnant women with glaucoma.

Purpose:

  • To review the current literature and provide guidance on managing glaucoma in pregnant women.
  • To highlight the importance of a multidisciplinary approach involving ophthalmologists and obstetricians.
  • To discuss potential therapeutic options and safety considerations for fetal and maternal health.

Summary:

  • When surgical interventions or laser trabeculoplasty are not feasible before pregnancy, a structured approach is recommended, including close patient monitoring and tailored management across pregnancy trimesters.
  • Emphasis is placed on patient communication and specific instillation techniques, such as punctal occlusion, to minimize systemic absorption of topical medications.
  • Beta-blockers are identified as having the most extensive safety data, and selective laser trabeculoplasty is presented as a potentially beneficial alternative treatment modality.

Impact:

  • Provides a framework for ophthalmologists to navigate the complexities of glaucoma treatment during pregnancy.
  • Aims to improve patient outcomes by promoting evidence-based decision-making and minimizing iatrogenic risks.
  • Contributes to the understanding of safer pharmacological and procedural options for managing ocular conditions in pregnant populations.