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Dopaminergic dysfunction in schizophrenia: salience attribution revisited.

Andreas Heinz¹, Florian Schlagenhauf

¹Department of Psychiatry, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charité Campus Mitte, 10117 Berlin, Germany. andreas.heinz@charite.de

Schizophrenia Bulletin

|May 11, 2010

Summary

Schizophrenia patients show altered dopamine system function, leading to misattributing importance to stimuli. This dysregulation in dopamine signaling contributes to the development of delusions in schizophrenia.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Psychiatry
Dopamine System Research

Background:

Schizophrenia involves dysregulation of the mesolimbic dopamine system.
Dopamine signals may represent reward prediction errors.
The incentive salience hypothesis links dopamine to reward cue attribution.

Purpose of the Study:

To review neuroimaging studies investigating the incentive salience hypothesis in schizophrenia.
To examine the role of dopamine system alterations in delusion formation.

Main Methods:

Review of recent neuroimaging studies.
Analysis of studies examining dopaminergic signaling and reward prediction errors.

Main Results:

Neuronal functions linked to dopamine signaling are altered in schizophrenia patients.
Impaired attribution of salience to reward-predicting stimuli observed.
Deficits in prediction error computation identified.

Conclusions:

Altered dopaminergic signaling, specifically in salience attribution and prediction error, contributes to delusions in schizophrenia.
Findings support the transfer of the incentive salience hypothesis from addiction to psychosis.