Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lead Control01:24

Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lead Control

Phase-lead controllers are commonly used in various control systems to enhance response speed and stability. Adjusting the brightness on a television screen offers a practical example of phase-lead control. When contrast is enhanced, a phase-lead controller is employed. Mathematically, phase-lead control is identified when the first parameter is smaller than the second.
The design of phase-lead control involves the strategic placement of poles and zeros to balance steady-state error and system...
Frequency-Domain Interpretation of PD Control01:24

Frequency-Domain Interpretation of PD Control

Proportional-Derivative (PD) controllers are widely used in fan control systems to improve stability and performance. A fan control system can be effectively represented using a Bode plot to illustrate the impact of a PD controller through its transfer function. The Bode plot visually conveys how PD control modifies the fan's response across various frequencies, providing a frequency domain interpretation of the controller's behavior.
The proportional control gain, combined with the system's...
Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of PI Control01:27

Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of PI Control

Proportional-Integral (PI) controllers are essential in many control systems to improve stability and performance. They are commonly used in everyday devices like thermostats to enhance system damping and reduce steady-state error. When the zero in the controller's transfer function is optimally placed, the system benefits significantly in terms of stability and accuracy.
Acting as a low-pass filter, the PI controller slows the system's response and extends settling times. This requires careful...
Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lag Control01:21

Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lag Control

Phase-lag controllers are widely used in control systems to improve stability and reduce steady-state errors. A dimmer switch controlling the brightness of a light bulb serves as a practical example of phase-lag control, gradually adjusting the bulb's brightness. Mathematically, phase-lag control or low-pass filtering is represented when the factor 'a' is less than 1.
Phase-lag controllers do not place a pole at zero, but instead influence the steady-state error by amplifying any finite,...
Phase-lead and Phase-lag Controllers01:22

Phase-lead and Phase-lag Controllers

Understanding the working function of different types of controllers can be illustrated with practical analogies, such as adjusting a stereo's volume equalizer. Cranking up the bass involves a phase-lead controller, which functions as a high-pass filter, while increasing the treble uses a phase-lag controller, which acts as a low-pass filter. PD controllers, similar to high-pass filters, enhance the system's response to high-frequency components. PI controllers, akin to low-pass filters, manage...
Biasing of FET01:22

Biasing of FET

Biasing a Junction Field Effect Transistor (JFET) is crucial for setting operational parameters and ensuring efficient functioning in electronic circuits. JFETs are characterized by using a single carrier type in N-channel or P-channel configurations, where the channel is surrounded by PN junctions. These junctions are central to the device's ability to control current flow.
In an N-channel JFET, the structure consists of N-type material forming the channel on a P-type substrate, with the gate...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Laser vibrometer based on optical-feedback-induced frequency modulation of a single-mode laser diode.

Applied optics·2010
Same author

Multiply loaded magneto-optical trap.

Optics letters·2009
Same author

Simplified atom trap by using direct microwave modulation of a diode laser.

Optics letters·2009
Same author

432-nm source based on efficient second-harmonic generation of GaAlAs diode-laser radiation in a self-locking external resonant cavity.

Optics letters·2009
Same author

Observation of the cesium clock transition in laser-cooled atoms.

Optics letters·2009
Same author

Atomic beam collimation using a laser diode with a self-locking power-buildup cavity.

Optics letters·2009
Same journal

Multifunctional reconfigurable terahertz metasurface based on vanadium dioxide phase transition: achieving broadband absorption and efficient polarization conversion.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

High-Q-factor electromagnetically induced transparency utilizing quasi-bound states in the continuum in an all-dielectric terahertz metasurface.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

Automated stitching interferometry for high-precision metrology of X-ray mirrors.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

Experimental demonstration of an approach to designing a metal-dielectric DBR resonant cavity structure.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

High-precision wavefront reconstruction from a single-shot interferogram using a physics-driven hybrid feature calibration network.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

Ultra-high-Q Fano resonance based on coupled topological corner states in Kagome photonic crystals.

Applied optics·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Fabrication of a Low-Cost, Fiber-Coupled, and Air-Spaced Fabry-Pérot Etalon
07:22

Fabrication of a Low-Cost, Fiber-Coupled, and Air-Spaced Fabry-Pérot Etalon

Published on: February 3, 2023

High frequency Fabry-Perot phase modulator.

D W Sesko, C E Wieman

    Applied Optics
    |May 11, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    We developed an efficient high-frequency phase modulator using a KDP crystal in a Fabry-Perot interferometer. This device significantly reduces drive power requirements, especially for ultraviolet applications.

    More Related Videos

    Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs
    06:42

    Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

    Published on: June 8, 2018

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jun 13, 2026

    Fabrication of a Low-Cost, Fiber-Coupled, and Air-Spaced Fabry-Pérot Etalon
    07:22

    Fabrication of a Low-Cost, Fiber-Coupled, and Air-Spaced Fabry-Pérot Etalon

    Published on: February 3, 2023

    Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs
    06:42

    Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

    Published on: June 8, 2018

    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • High-frequency phase modulators are crucial for optical communications and sensing.
    • Potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) crystals are commonly used but require substantial drive power.
    • Existing modulators face limitations in efficiency, particularly in the ultraviolet spectrum.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To design and evaluate an efficient high-frequency phase modulator.
    • To investigate the performance enhancement offered by a Fabry-Perot interferometer.
    • To reduce the drive power needed for achieving a high modulation index.

    Main Methods:

    • Construction of a phase modulator utilizing a KDP crystal within a Fabry-Perot interferometer.
    • Theoretical analysis of the modulator's performance characteristics.
    • Experimental validation of the theoretical predictions.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved a modulation index of 0.6 at 2.7 GHz with only 0.3 W of microwave power.
    • Demonstrated that the Fabry-Perot cavity reduces required drive power by over three orders of magnitude.
    • The modulator shows particular utility for ultraviolet light applications.

    Conclusions:

    • The Fabry-Perot enhanced KDP phase modulator offers significant improvements in efficiency.
    • This technology drastically lowers the drive power necessary for high-frequency modulation.
    • The device is well-suited for applications in the ultraviolet spectral region.