Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Fabrication of a Low-Cost, Fiber-Coupled, and Air-Spaced Fabry-Pérot Etalon
Published on: February 3, 2023
Abstract:
We have constructed an efficient high frequency phase modulator using a KDP crystal modulator in a Fabry-Perot interferometer. We present the theoretical analysis for the performance of such a modulator and compare this with experimental results. We have obtained a modulation index of 0.6 at 2.7 GHz with 0.3 W of microwave power. This implies that the use of a Fabry-Perot cavity can reduce the amount of drive power needed to achieve a given modulation index by 3 orders of magnitude or more. Such a device is particularly useful in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum where one must use relatively inefficient modulator crystals.
Related Concept Videos
Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lead Control
The design of phase-lead control involves the strategic placement of poles and zeros to balance steady-state error and system...
Frequency-Domain Interpretation of PD Control
The proportional control gain, combined with the system's...
Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of PI Control
Acting as a low-pass filter, the PI controller slows the system's response and extends settling times. This requires careful...
Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lag Control
Phase-lag controllers do not place a pole at zero, but instead influence the steady-state error by amplifying any finite,...
Phase-lead and Phase-lag Controllers
Biasing of FET
In an N-channel JFET, the structure consists of N-type material forming the channel on a P-type substrate, with the gate...
