Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Protein Transport into the Inner Mitochondrial Membrane01:34

Protein Transport into the Inner Mitochondrial Membrane

Nuclear encoded mitochondrial precursors are imported to the inner membrane in a multistep process involving two separate translocons, TIM22 and TIM23. TIM23 is a cation-selective pore that remains closed by the N terminal segment of the protein. Negative charges on the TIM23 act as a receptor for the incoming precursor, pulling the positively charged matrix-targeting sequence for peptide insertion and translocation.
Transport of mitochondrial precursors across the TIM23 channel is driven by...
Chemiosmosis and ATP Synthesis01:22

Chemiosmosis and ATP Synthesis

The electron transport chain is a critical component of cellular respiration, occurring in the inner mitochondrial membrane. It facilitates the transfer of high-energy electrons from reduced cofactors NADH and FADH₂ to molecular oxygen, the final electron acceptor. This transfer of electrons through a series of protein complexes is tightly coupled to the translocation of protons across the membrane, generating a proton gradient essential for ATP synthesis.Electron Flow and Proton...
Electron Transport Chain Components01:29

Electron Transport Chain Components

The electron transport chain (ETC) is a crucial metabolic pathway that facilitates energy conversion in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. In eukaryotes, the ETC comprises four membrane-associated protein complexes in the inner mitochondrial membrane. In prokaryotes, the ETC in the plasma membrane can vary in composition, with fewer or different complexes depending on the organism and environmental conditions. These complexes transfer electrons from electron donors, such as NADH and FADH2, to...
Energy to Drive Translocation01:37

Energy to Drive Translocation

Mitochondrial protein import is powered by two distinct energy sources: ATP hydrolysis and electrochemical potential across the inner membrane. Newly synthesized precursors are bound by cytosolic chaperones of the Hsp70 family, which guide them to the import receptors on the mitochondrial surface. Utilizing the energy of ATP hydrolysis, Hsp70 chaperones transfer these precursors to the TOM receptors on the mitochondrial outer membrane.
Generally, polypeptides are unfolded by two distinct...
Single-pass Transmembrane Proteins01:25

Single-pass Transmembrane Proteins

Integral membrane proteins are tightly associated with the cell membrane and play a crucial role in cell communication, signaling, adhesion, and transport of the molecules. Some integral membrane proteins are present only in the membrane monolayer. For example, the enzyme fatty acid amide hydrolase is present in the cytoplasmic side of the membrane monolayer. In contrast, another type of integral membrane protein, also known as a transmembrane protein, spans across the membrane. Transmembrane...
The Significance of Membrane Transport01:44

The Significance of Membrane Transport

The transport of solutes across the cell membrane is essential for metabolic processes, like maintaining cell size and volume, generating the action potential, exchanging nutrients and gases, etc. Membrane transport can be either passive or active. It can be simple diffusion, facilitated, or mediated transport aided by transport proteins such as transporters and channels.
Transporters facilitate either an active or passive movement of solutes. They can allow a single-molecule transport down its...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Energetic multi-component salts of ammonium dinitramide with enhanced properties.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2026
Same author

<i>In situ</i> monitoring of a metal recovery process using dual imaging and diffraction.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2026
Same author

The design of a low-cost 3D printed flow cell for synchrotron computed microtomography.

Journal of synchrotron radiation·2026
Same author

Evaluating the impact sensitivity of energetic materials using inelastic neutron scattering and low frequency THz-Raman spectroscopies.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2025
Same author

Finding heterogeneous nucleating agents for ice using a data-driven approach.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2025
Same author

Heterometallic Li/Zn, Li/Al and Li/In catalysts for <i>rac</i>-lactide ring-opening polymerisation: "ate" or "non-ate" pathways?

Catalysis science & technology·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Introduction to Solid Supported Membrane Based Electrophysiology
19:56

Introduction to Solid Supported Membrane Based Electrophysiology

Published on: May 11, 2013

Simulating proton transport through a simplified model for trans-membrane proteins.

Lynsey M S Shepherd1, Carole A Morrison

  • 1School of Chemistry and EaSTCHEM Research School, The University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JJ, UK.

The Journal of Physical Chemistry. B
|May 12, 2010
PubMed
Summary

This study reveals how polyglycine helices facilitate proton transfer through water wires. The helix structure guides proton movement, showing unique transport mechanisms compared to bulk water.

More Related Videos

Realistic Membrane Modeling Using Complex Lipid Mixtures in Simulation Studies
07:31

Realistic Membrane Modeling Using Complex Lipid Mixtures in Simulation Studies

Published on: September 1, 2023

T-wave Ion Mobility-mass Spectrometry: Basic Experimental Procedures for Protein Complex Analysis
16:40

T-wave Ion Mobility-mass Spectrometry: Basic Experimental Procedures for Protein Complex Analysis

Published on: July 31, 2010

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Introduction to Solid Supported Membrane Based Electrophysiology
19:56

Introduction to Solid Supported Membrane Based Electrophysiology

Published on: May 11, 2013

Realistic Membrane Modeling Using Complex Lipid Mixtures in Simulation Studies
07:31

Realistic Membrane Modeling Using Complex Lipid Mixtures in Simulation Studies

Published on: September 1, 2023

T-wave Ion Mobility-mass Spectrometry: Basic Experimental Procedures for Protein Complex Analysis
16:40

T-wave Ion Mobility-mass Spectrometry: Basic Experimental Procedures for Protein Complex Analysis

Published on: July 31, 2010

Area of Science:

  • Computational chemistry
  • Biophysics
  • Materials science

Background:

  • Proton transfer is crucial in biological and chemical systems.
  • Understanding proton transport in confined environments is challenging.
  • Polyglycine helices are model systems for studying molecular interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate proton transfer mechanisms within a polyglycine helix- and water-wire system using ab initio MD simulations.
  • To explore the influence of water density and helical structure on proton transport.
  • To evaluate the impact of different DFT functionals and dispersion corrections.

Main Methods:

  • Ab initio molecular dynamics (MD) simulations under periodic boundary conditions.
  • Systematically varying water molecule density within the channel.
  • Analysis of proton transfer events, cationic states, and hydrogen bond dynamics.
  • Testing various DFT functionals and dispersion corrections.

Main Results:

  • A channel supporting proton transfer up to 10.5 Å was created.
  • Proton transport mechanisms showed similarities and differences with bulk water, including 'proton rattling'.
  • The polyglycine helix significantly directed water wire behavior, enhancing transport in coiled regions.
  • Different DFT functionals and dispersion corrections were evaluated for accuracy.

Conclusions:

  • Polyglycine helices can facilitate efficient proton transfer through engineered water wires.
  • Helical structure plays a key role in guiding and enhancing proton transport.
  • Accurate modeling requires appropriate DFT functionals and dispersion corrections for helical stability.