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Intermittent preventive treatment against malaria: an update
Roly D Gosling1, Matthew E Cairns, R Matthew Chico
1Department of Tropical and Infectious Disease, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK. roly.gosling@gmail.com
Intermittent preventive treatment (IPT) for malaria, including IPT in pregnancy (IPTp), infants (IPTi), and children (IPTc), faces challenges like drug resistance. Only IPTp is widely adopted as policy.
Area of Science:
- Malariology
- Tropical Medicine
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Intermittent preventive treatment (IPT) is a key malaria control strategy targeting high-risk populations.
- Key IPT strategies include IPT in pregnancy (IPTp), infants (IPTi), and children (IPTc).
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the mechanism of action, drug options, controversies, and future research for IPT strategies.
- To assess the current status and challenges of IPT in malaria control.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of existing IPT strategies (IPTp, IPTi, IPTc).
- Analysis of drug properties, resistance patterns, and policy adoption.
Main Results:
- Ideal IPT drugs require co-formulation, long action, safety, and single-dose administration.
- Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine remains the primary drug, with no clear replacement.
- Rising drug resistance, declining malaria transmission, and a shift towards elimination pose challenges.
- Only IPTp has achieved widespread policy adoption.
Conclusions:
- IPT is an established malaria control method, but its implementation faces significant hurdles.
- Further research is needed to address drug resistance and adapt strategies for malaria elimination goals.
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