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Advance planning in sequential pick-and-place tasks.

Constanze Hesse¹, Heiner Deubel

¹Experimental Psychology, Department of Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany. constanze.hesse@durham.ac.uk

Journal of Neurophysiology

|May 12, 2010

Summary

Action context influences movement sequences. Holistic planning occurs when tasks are easy, but high accuracy demands shift to sequential processing, impacting movement times.

Area of Science:

Motor control
Human movement science
Cognitive neuroscience

Background:

Action sequences involve multiple movements.
The action context effect suggests movement kinematics depend on subsequent actions.
Previous research focused on single grasp movements within sequences.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate if action context affects sequences of multiple grasping movements.
To determine if the goal of a later movement influences earlier movements in a sequence.
To examine the impact of task difficulty on sequential movement planning.

Main Methods:

Twenty participants performed a three-part action sequence: grasp cylinder, place cylinder, grasp/displace bar.
Grip orientation for the initial cylinder grasp was analyzed.

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Task difficulty was manipulated by varying accuracy demands and placing task complexity.

Main Results:

When all segments were easy, grip orientation for the cylinder was influenced by the bar's orientation, indicating holistic planning.
Increased accuracy demands in one segment led to sequential processing, overriding holistic planning.
Making the placing task more difficult increased reaction and movement times across all segments.

Conclusions:

Motor planning for action sequences can be holistic, integrating future demands.
Task demands, particularly accuracy, can shift planning from holistic to sequential.
Movement sequence planning is adaptable based on task difficulty and context.