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Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Acupoint Application as a Traditional Chinese Medicine Treatment for Fatigue Associated with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

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Published on: September 5, 2025

Fatigue in primary biliary cirrhosis.

Ghulam Abbas¹, Roberta A Jorgensen, Keith D Lindor

¹Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, 20 First Street, SW Rochester, MN 55905, USA.

Nature Reviews. Gastroenterology & Hepatology

|May 12, 2010

Summary

Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is a chronic liver disease. This review explores PBC

Area of Science:

Hepatology
Autoimmune Diseases
Chronic Liver Disease

Background:

Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is a chronic, autoimmune, cholestatic liver disease.
It progresses slowly, potentially leading to liver fibrosis and the need for transplantation.
Fatigue and pruritus are common symptoms, though many patients are initially asymptomatic.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the natural history of PBC.
To discuss the measurement and pathogenesis of fatigue in PBC.
To review current and potential treatment options for PBC, including fatigue management.

Main Methods:

Literature review of studies on primary biliary cirrhosis.
Analysis of proposed central and peripheral mechanisms for fatigue pathogenesis.

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Evaluation of treatment options for PBC and its symptoms.

Main Results:

Fatigue is a significant symptom in PBC, impacting quality of life.
Modafinil shows potential for improving energy levels and reducing sleep time in PBC patients.
Understanding disease mechanisms is crucial for developing effective treatments.

Conclusions:

PBC is a progressive autoimmune liver disease requiring ongoing management.
Further research into fatigue mechanisms and treatments is needed.
Comprehensive management strategies are essential for improving patient outcomes.