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Laboratory Techniques Used to Maintain and Differentiate Biotypes of Vibrio cholerae Clinical and Environmental Isolates
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Published on: May 30, 2017

Vibrio chromosomes share common history.

Benjamin C Kirkup1, LeeAnn Chang, Sarah Chang

  • 1Dept, of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 15 Vassar Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. bckirkup@post.harvard.edu

BMC Microbiology
|May 13, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Vibrionales bacteria possess two circular chromosomes, unlike most gamma proteobacteria. Despite extensive gene transfer, phylogenetic analysis confirms both chromosomes share a common evolutionary history.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Genomics
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • Most gamma proteobacteria feature a single circular chromosome.
  • Vibrionales, a group within gamma proteobacteria, uniquely possess two circular chromosomes.
  • High rates of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) are characteristic of Vibrios.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the evolutionary history of the two chromosomes in Vibrionales.
  • To determine if the two chromosomes share a common ancestry since their divergence.
  • To assess the impact of genetic mobility on chromosomal evolution in Vibrios.

Main Methods:

  • Phylogenetic analysis of single-copy genes from both chromosomes (142 from chromosome I, 42 from chromosome II).
  • Comparative genomics utilizing data from 19 sequenced Vibrionales genomes.
  • Phylogenetic analysis and gene organization studies of the origins of replication.

Main Results:

  • Phylogenetic comparisons of single-copy genes revealed consistent evolutionary histories for each chromosome.
  • Analysis of gene organization and origins of replication provided further evidence for a shared chromosomal history.
  • The study identified distinct phylogenetic signals for chromosome I and chromosome II.

Conclusions:

  • The core structures, or backbones, of the two Vibrionales chromosomes share a common evolutionary history.
  • While individual genetic elements may exhibit high mobility, the overall chromosomal framework is conserved.
  • Multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) findings from one chromosome can be reliably extrapolated to the other in Vibrionales.