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Related Concept Videos

Accessory Structures of the Skin: Hair and Hair Follicles01:16

Accessory Structures of the Skin: Hair and Hair Follicles

Hair and hair follicles are integral components of the integumentary system. Hair is a filamentous structure composed mainly of a protein called keratin. It is found on the surface of the skin throughout the body, except for areas such as the palms of the hands and soles of the feet.
Hair is a keratinous filament growing out of the epidermis. It is primarily made of dead, keratinized cells. Hair strands originate at the epidermal penetration called the hair follicle. The hair shaft is the part...
Accessory Structures of the Skin: Hair Growth and Types01:20

Accessory Structures of the Skin: Hair Growth and Types

Hair growth begins with the production of keratinocytes by the basal cells of the hair bulb. As new cells are deposited at the hair bulb, the hair shaft is pushed through the follicle toward the surface. Keratinization is completed as the cells are pushed to the skin surface to form the shaft of hair that is externally visible. The external hair is completely dead and composed entirely of keratin. Hair can be cut or shaven without damaging the hair structure because the cut is superficial. Most...
Multipotency and Niche of Bulge Stem Cell01:06

Multipotency and Niche of Bulge Stem Cell

A hair follicle or HF is a small part of the skin that produces the hair shaft. Paul Gerson Unna was the first to observe a bulge in the human hair follicle's outer root sheath (ORS). The bulge is present between the sebaceous gland and the arrector pili muscle and is the niche for hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs). The bulge is also a niche for melanocyte stem cells, and their loss results in graying of hair. The HFSCs express Sox9 and Lhx2, which help them maintain stemness and prevent...
PPE Use in Healthcare Settings II: Doffing01:10

PPE Use in Healthcare Settings II: Doffing

The sequence of removing or doffing PPE starts with the gloves, as they are the most contaminated. Next is removal of the face shield or goggles, as they would interfere with removing other PPE. Then remove the gown, followed by the mask or respirator. Perform hand hygiene between steps if hands become contaminated and immediately after removing all PPE. Generally, the outside front and sleeves of the isolation gown, the goggles or the mask, the respirator, and the face shield are contaminated.
Hair Cells01:22

Hair Cells

Hair cells are the sensory receptors of the auditory system—they transduce mechanical sound waves into electrical energy that the nervous system can understand. Hair cells are located in the organ of Corti within the cochlea of the inner ear, between the basilar and tectorial membranes. The actual sensory receptors are called inner hair cells. The outer hair cells serve other functions, such as sound amplification in the cochlea, and are not discussed in detail here.

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Updated: Jun 13, 2026

A New Technique for Quantitative Analysis of Hair Loss in Mice Using Grayscale Analysis
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Published on: March 9, 2015

Occupation specific dispensation - a hapless tale.

Chris Bateman

    South African Medical Journal = Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif Vir Geneeskunde
    |May 13, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary

    Public sector doctors face strained relations with employers due to inconsistent pay hike implementation and delayed negotiations. These issues impact overall morale and employer-doctor dynamics.

    Area of Science:

    • Public Health
    • Healthcare Management

    Background:

    • Tensions are high between public sector doctors and their employers.
    • This is due to inconsistent provincial implementation of the Occupation Specific Dispensation (OSD) pay increases.

    Discussion:

    • The delayed mid-level category doctors pay talks are further exacerbating the situation.
    • Doctor-employer relations are currently precarious, impacting the healthcare sector.

    Key Insights:

    • Inconsistent pay implementation and delayed negotiations are key drivers of dissatisfaction.
    • The Occupation Specific Dispensation (OSD) has not been rolled out effectively.

    Outlook:

    • Urgent resolution of pay issues and improved communication are needed.

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  • Addressing these concerns is crucial for stabilizing public sector doctor relations.