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Hypertension, hypertension control, and chronic kidney disease in a Malay population in Singapore

Charumathi Sabanayagam1, Anoop Shankar, Su Chi Lim

  • 1Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore.

Asia-Pacific Journal of Public Health
|May 13, 2010
PubMed

Insights

High blood pressure (BP) significantly increases the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in adults of Malay ethnicity. Controlling hypertension is crucial for preventing kidney disease in Asian populations.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Blood pressure (BP) is a recognized risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Western populations.
  • The relationship between BP and CKD in Asian populations, specifically Malay adults, requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the cross-sectional association between blood pressure and chronic kidney disease in Malay adults aged 40-80 in Singapore.
  • To determine the risk of CKD associated with different BP categories, including prehypertension and hypertension stages.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 3280 Malay adults aged 40-80 years in Singapore.
  • CKD was defined by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2) and/or presence of albuminuria.
  • Multivariable-adjusted analyses were used to assess the association between BP levels and CKD outcomes.

Main Results:

  • A significant dose-dependent positive association was observed between BP and CKD (P trend < .0001).
  • Compared to normal BP, odds ratios for eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2) were 1.85 for prehypertension, 2.95 for stage 1 hypertension, and 4.96 for stage 2 hypertension.
  • Stage 2 hypertension accounted for the highest population-attributable risk of CKD (23%), with similar trends for albuminuria.

Conclusions:

  • Hypertension is strongly associated with an increased risk of CKD in Malay adults.
  • Effective blood pressure control is essential for mitigating the burden of kidney disease in Asian populations.

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