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[Aortic pulse wave velocity in patients with coronary atherosclerosis--a comparison with coronary angiographic
Y Ouchi1, K Terashita, T Nakamura
1Department of Geriatrics, University of Tokyo.
Insights
Aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) significantly increases with the number of diseased coronary arteries, but this association weakens after adjusting for age. PWV remains a strong indicator of age-related arterial stiffness.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Biomedical Engineering
- Clinical Diagnostics
Background:
- Aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) is a marker of arterial stiffness.
- Coronary atherosclerosis is a leading cause of cardiovascular disease.
- The relationship between PWV and coronary atherosclerosis severity requires further elucidation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) and the extent of coronary atherosclerosis.
- To determine if PWV can serve as a non-invasive indicator of coronary artery disease severity.
Main Methods:
- 105 subjects underwent coronary angiographic examination (CAG) and PWV measurement.
- Subjects were categorized into groups based on the number of diseased coronary arteries (0, 1, 2, or 3+).
- A Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) score was calculated based on stenosis severity.
Main Results:
- PWV was significantly higher in the 3-vessel disease group compared to the normal group.
- No significant difference in PWV was found between the normal group and all patients with coronary artery stenosis combined.
- PWV correlated with both the CAD score and age in simple regression, but only with age in multivariate analysis.
Conclusions:
- While PWV may reflect advanced coronary atherosclerosis, its independent association is primarily with age-related arterial stiffness.
- Age is a significant confounding factor when assessing PWV for coronary atherosclerosis.
- Further research is needed to clarify the role of PWV in predicting coronary artery disease outcomes.
Abstract:
This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) and coronary atherosclerosis. We measured PWV in 105 subjects (84 males and 21 females; age 59 +/- 0.5) who received coronary angiographic examination (CAG). PWV was measured by simultaneous recording of pulse waves from the left carotid and the left femoral arteries, electrocardiogram and phonocardiogram. The subjects were classified into 4 groups according to the number of major coronary arteries having stenosis, that is, N group with normal CAG, 1 vessel disease (VD) group, 2VD group and 3VD group. The PWV value was significantly greater only in 3VD group (n = 10, age 63 +/- 3.6, PWV 10.0 +/- 0.88 m/sec) than that in N group (n = 18, age 53 +/- 2.0, PWV 8.0 +/- 0.34 m/sec). No significant difference was observed between PWV value in N group and that in all patients with coronary artery stenosis (n = 87, age 60 +/- 2.0, PWV 8.9 +/- 0.2 m/sec). To further investigate the relationship between PWV values and CAG findings, we used a CAG score which means the sum of the points assigned to each coronary artery segment (American Heart Association) according to the severity of stenosis (0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 for normal, less than 49% stenosis, 50 to 74% stenosis, 75 to 99% stenosis, and complete occlusion, respectively). The PWV values significantly correlated with the CAG score and also with age by a simple regression analysis. Multivariate analysis, however, revealed that PWV values did no longer correlate with CAG score. PWV values still significantly correlated with age.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)