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Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations01:24

Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 13, 2026

5/6th Nephrectomy in Combination with High Salt Diet and Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition to Induce Chronic Kidney Disease in the Lewis Rat
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Published on: July 3, 2013

[Contrast-induced nephropathy].

Thierry Krummel1, Anne-Laure Faller, Dorothée Bazin

  • 1Hôpitaux universitaires de Strasbourg, service de néphrologie, 67091 Strasbourg cedex, France. thierry.krummel@chru-strasbourg.fr

Presse Medicale (Paris, France : 1983)
|May 14, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) after contrast media is a serious risk. Volume expansion with saline or sodium bicarbonate is the only proven method to prevent contrast-induced nephropathy.

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Radiology
  • Cardiology

Context:

  • Contrast media administration is frequent in radiological and cardiological procedures.
  • Acute kidney injury (AKI) following contrast administration is a significant clinical concern, increasing patient morbidity and mortality.
  • The underlying pathophysiology involves direct cellular toxicity and medullary ischemia, influenced by intra-renal hemodynamics and metabolic changes.

Purpose:

  • To review risk factors for contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN).
  • To discuss preventative strategies for CIN.
  • To highlight the efficacy of volume expansion in mitigating CIN risk.

Summary:

  • Pre-procedure assessment of renal function using estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) equations (e.g., Cockcroft-Gault, MDRD) is crucial for identifying patients at risk.
  • Volume expansion, particularly intravenous isotonic saline or sodium bicarbonate, remains the sole validated method for preventing CIN when contrast administration is necessary in high-risk patients.
  • While other pharmacological interventions show promise, larger-scale studies are needed for confirmation.

Impact:

  • This review emphasizes the importance of risk stratification and validated preventative measures to reduce the incidence and impact of CIN.
  • Optimizing patient management can decrease healthcare costs associated with AKI and improve long-term patient outcomes.
  • Highlights the need for further research into novel pharmacological strategies for CIN prevention.