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Related Concept Videos

Cryptococcal Meningitis01:27

Cryptococcal Meningitis

Cryptococcal meningitis is a life-threatening opportunistic infection predominantly associated with HIV/AIDS, accounting for over 100,000 deaths annually worldwide. However, it also affects individuals with other forms of immunosuppression, including those undergoing immunosuppressive therapy, organ transplant recipients, patients with innate immunodeficiencies, and individuals with hematological disorders. The infection is caused mainly by Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii,...
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Fungal Phylum Microsporidia

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Amphotericin B is a broad-spectrum antifungal agent that exploits structural differences between fungal and mammalian cell membranes. Its amphipathic structure—featuring a hydrophobic polyene-lactone ring and a hydrophilic region containing mycosamine and carboxylic acid groups—enables selective binding to ergosterol, a sterol predominantly found in fungal plasma membranes. This selective interaction underlies the drug’s antifungal activity, although weak binding to cholesterol contributes to...
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Infectious Diseases and Their Occurrence

Infectious diseases appear in populations through various transmission patterns, influenced by pathogen characteristics, population immunity, environmental conditions, and social behavior. Understanding these patterns is essential for effective public health surveillance and intervention. These categories—sporadic, outbreak, epidemic, pandemic, and endemic—help frame the nature and scope of disease events.Sporadic diseases occur irregularly and infrequently, without a predictable temporal or...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Growing a Cystic Fibrosis-Relevant Polymicrobial Biofilm to Probe Community Phenotypes
03:53

Growing a Cystic Fibrosis-Relevant Polymicrobial Biofilm to Probe Community Phenotypes

Published on: April 19, 2024

New perspectives on coccidioidomycosis.

Neil M Ampel1

  • 1Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, and the Valley Fever Center for Excellence, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA. nampel@email.arizona.edu

Proceedings of the American Thoracic Society
|May 14, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Coccidioidomycosis, a fungal infection, is increasing in Arizona and California. New diagnostic tests show promise, but current antifungal treatments may cause complications after discontinuation.

Area of Science:

  • Mycology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pulmonology

Background:

  • Coccidioidomycosis incidence is rising in Arizona and California.
  • Increased risk factors include population changes, environmental disturbances, and climate shifts.
  • Pulmonary coccidioidomycosis often mimics bacterial pneumonia, leading to misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of coccidioidomycosis epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment.
  • To evaluate emerging diagnostic technologies for coccidioidomycosis.
  • To discuss recent findings on the long-term effects of antifungal therapy for primary pulmonary disease.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on coccidioidomycosis.
  • Analysis of diagnostic test performance, including serology and newer methods.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Growing a Cystic Fibrosis-Relevant Polymicrobial Biofilm to Probe Community Phenotypes
03:53

Growing a Cystic Fibrosis-Relevant Polymicrobial Biofilm to Probe Community Phenotypes

Published on: April 19, 2024

  • Examination of recent clinical trial data on treatment outcomes.

    • Main Results:

    • Serological tests remain standard, but newer methods like antigenuria and genomic assays offer improved sensitivity and specificity.
    • Oral triazole therapy is common, but a recent study indicates potential for complications after treatment cessation for primary pulmonary coccidioidomycosis.
    • Distinguishing coccidioidomycosis from bacterial pneumonia remains a diagnostic challenge.

    Conclusions:

    • Early and accurate diagnosis of coccidioidomycosis is crucial.
    • Emerging diagnostic tools may enhance detection rates and specificity.
    • The long-term implications of antifungal therapy require further investigation, particularly regarding post-treatment complications.