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Related Concept Videos

Allergic Reactions02:06

Allergic Reactions

Overview
Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis01:30

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin, heparin),...
Allergic Drug Reactions01:27

Allergic Drug Reactions

Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing numerous...
Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions01:30

Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions

Drug-related allergies are immune-mediated responses triggered by the administration of pharmacological agents. These hypersensitivity reactions are classified based on the immune mechanisms involved. The four primary types—Type I, II, III, and IV—are mediated by different immunological pathways and exhibit distinct clinical manifestations.Type I Hypersensitivity/ IgE-Mediated Reactions: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) immediately mediates Type I hypersensitivity reactions. Upon initial exposure to a...
Hypersensitivities01:30

Hypersensitivities

Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
Types of Hypersensitivities
Hypersensitivity reactions are categorized into four types: Type 1, Type 2, Type 3, and Type 4. Each type has a distinct mechanism...
Cross-reactivity00:42

Cross-reactivity

Overview

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Application of Biochip Microfluidic Technology to Detect Serum Allergen-specific Immunoglobulin E (sIgE)
07:10

Application of Biochip Microfluidic Technology to Detect Serum Allergen-specific Immunoglobulin E (sIgE)

Published on: April 21, 2019

Patch testing for allergies.

Bruce R Gordon1

  • 1Cape Cod Hospital, Hyannis, Massachusetts, USA. docbruce@comcast.net

Current Opinion in Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery
|May 14, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Patch testing is an underutilized diagnostic tool for complex allergies, including skin disorders, respiratory, and food allergies. This method detects a broad range of sensitivities and immunologic reactions, enhancing clinical diagnostic abilities.

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Basophil Activation Test for Allergy Diagnosis
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Mouse Body Temperature Measurement Using Infrared Thermometer During Passive Systemic Anaphylaxis and Food Allergy Evaluation

Published on: September 14, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Application of Biochip Microfluidic Technology to Detect Serum Allergen-specific Immunoglobulin E (sIgE)
07:10

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Published on: April 21, 2019

Basophil Activation Test for Allergy Diagnosis
07:22

Basophil Activation Test for Allergy Diagnosis

Published on: May 31, 2021

Mouse Body Temperature Measurement Using Infrared Thermometer During Passive Systemic Anaphylaxis and Food Allergy Evaluation
04:34

Mouse Body Temperature Measurement Using Infrared Thermometer During Passive Systemic Anaphylaxis and Food Allergy Evaluation

Published on: September 14, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Clinical immunology
  • Allerdermatology
  • Diagnostic allergy testing

Background:

  • Patch testing is a valuable clinical tool for allergy evaluation.
  • Its utilization is suboptimal in complex cases involving skin disorders, respiratory allergies, food allergies, or eosinophilic enteritis.
  • Expanding its use enhances practitioners' diagnostic capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent studies on patch testing applications.
  • To highlight the diagnostic utility of patch testing in various allergic conditions.
  • To guide clinicians on effective patch testing techniques.

Main Methods:

  • Review of selected studies published within the past year.
  • Categorization of studies into immunology, pediatric testing, contact allergy, food allergy, and drug allergy.
  • Synthesis of findings on patch test efficacy and applications.

Main Results:

  • Patch tests identify sensitivities to a wide array of substances including chemicals, drugs, biologics, inhalants, and food allergens.
  • They detect Gell and Coombs types I to IV immunologic reactions, offering unique diagnostic value when other tests are negative.
  • Recent literature provides extensive data to guide patch testing protocols.

Conclusions:

  • Patch testing is a versatile diagnostic method for diverse allergic sensitivities.
  • It plays a crucial role in evaluating complex patients with multiple allergic conditions.
  • Clinicians can leverage published research to optimize patch testing procedures and improve patient outcomes.