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Brain Imaging01:14

Brain Imaging

Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans),  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS).

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 13, 2026

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache
10:39

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache

Published on: June 2, 2014

Neuroimaging in chronic migraine.

Luisa Chiapparini1, Stefania Ferraro, Licia Grazzi

  • 1Department of Neuroradiology, Foundation IRCCS Neurological Institute Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy. lchiapparini@istituto-besta.it

Neurological Sciences : Official Journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology
|May 14, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Neuroimaging reveals structural and functional brain changes in chronic migraine patients, particularly in pain processing areas. These alterations appear reversible after drug withdrawal, suggesting a basis for migraine subtypes and treatment responses.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 13, 2026

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache
10:39

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Published on: June 2, 2014

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Modeling Neural Immune Signaling of Episodic and Chronic Migraine Using Spreading Depression In Vitro
16:13

Modeling Neural Immune Signaling of Episodic and Chronic Migraine Using Spreading Depression In Vitro

Published on: June 13, 2011

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Medical Imaging
  • Pain Research

Background:

  • Chronic migraine is associated with neuroimaging-detected abnormalities in pain processing brain regions.
  • Structural and functional dysfunctions occur in the brainstem and pain pathways.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review neuroimaging findings in chronic migraine.
  • To explore the role of structural and functional brain alterations in chronic migraine pathophysiology.

Main Methods:

  • Volumetric MRI (voxel-based morphometry) to assess grey and white matter.
  • Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and functional MRI (fMRI) to evaluate regional cerebral blood flow and BOLD signal changes.

Main Results:

  • Reduced grey and white matter in pain network areas and increased brainstem density observed.
  • Hypometabolism and hypoactivation in cortical pain processing areas detected in chronic migraine with drug overuse.
  • Normalization of metabolic and BOLD signal changes after drug withdrawal indicates reversibility.

Conclusions:

  • Functional and structural alterations in the pain network may result from cortical overstimulation.
  • Advanced neuroimaging advances understanding of chronic migraine, potentially explaining subtypes and treatment variability.