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Related Concept Videos

What is Gene Expression?01:42

What is Gene Expression?

Overview
Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
Genetic Information Flows from DNA to RNA to Protein
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is made up of nucleotides and proteins consist of amino...
What is Gene Expression?01:36

What is Gene Expression?

A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is comprised  of nucleotides and proteins are comprised of amino acids, a mediator is required to convert the information encoded in DNA into proteins. This mediator is the messenger RNA (mRNA). mRNA copies the blueprint from DNA by a process called transcription. In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the nucleus by complementary base-pairing with the DNA template. The mRNA is then processed and...
What is Gene Expression?01:42

What is Gene Expression?

Overview
Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
Genetic Information Flows from DNA to RNA to Protein
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is made up of nucleotides and proteins consist of amino...
Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the addition of a...

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High-throughput Screening for Chemical Modulators of Post-transcriptionally Regulated Genes
09:44

High-throughput Screening for Chemical Modulators of Post-transcriptionally Regulated Genes

Published on: March 3, 2015

Discovering modulators of gene expression.

Ozgün Babur1, Emek Demir, Mithat Gönen

  • 1Center for Bioinformatics and Computer Engineering Department, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, Turkey.

Nucleic Acids Research
|May 15, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a Gene Expression Modulation (GEM) framework to identify proteins regulating transcription factors. GEM successfully predicted androgen receptor modulators, revealing their dual role as co-activators and co-repressors.

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Repressing Gene Transcription by Redirecting Cellular Machinery with Chemical Epigenetic Modifiers

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Last Updated: Jun 13, 2026

High-throughput Screening for Chemical Modulators of Post-transcriptionally Regulated Genes
09:44

High-throughput Screening for Chemical Modulators of Post-transcriptionally Regulated Genes

Published on: March 3, 2015

Describing a Transcription Factor Dependent Regulation of the MicroRNA Transcriptome
07:23

Describing a Transcription Factor Dependent Regulation of the MicroRNA Transcriptome

Published on: June 15, 2016

Repressing Gene Transcription by Redirecting Cellular Machinery with Chemical Epigenetic Modifiers
10:28

Repressing Gene Transcription by Redirecting Cellular Machinery with Chemical Epigenetic Modifiers

Published on: September 20, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics
  • Systems Biology

Background:

  • Transcription factors (TFs) control gene expression.
  • Cellular responses to signals depend on tissue- and context-specific gene expression.
  • Modulator proteins influence TF activity, crucial for this specificity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a computational framework for predicting TF modulators.
  • To identify the targets and modes of action of these modulators.
  • To investigate the functional roles of predicted modulators, specifically for the androgen receptor.

Main Methods:

  • Developed the Gene Expression Modulation (GEM) probabilistic framework.
  • Integrated gene expression profiles, protein-protein interaction networks, and TF-target relationships.
  • Applied GEM to predict androgen receptor modulators and their functions.

Main Results:

  • GEM accurately predicted a significant number of androgen receptor modulators.
  • The study revealed that most identified modulators can function as both co-activators and co-repressors.
  • This dual functionality is dependent on the specific target gene.

Conclusions:

  • The GEM framework is effective for predicting TF modulators and their regulatory roles.
  • Modulators exhibit context-dependent activity, acting as either co-activators or co-repressors.
  • Understanding modulator function is key to deciphering complex gene expression regulation.