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Related Concept Videos

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
Pericarditis I: Introduction01:22

Pericarditis I: Introduction

Pericarditis is defined as the inflammation of the pericardium, the thin, sac-like membrane surrounding the heart. This condition can cause significant chest pain and other symptoms, often necessitating medical intervention. The pericardium has two layers: the inner visceral layer and the outer parietal layer, separated by a small amount of fluid that reduces friction during heartbeats.Types of PericarditisPericarditis can be classified into several types based on the duration and nature of the...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease01:25

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease

Crohn’s disease is a chronic, relapsing form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by segmental, transmural inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Its pathogenesis arises from a combination of genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. Together, these factors lead to an exaggerated immune response against components of the gut microbiome.Genetic and Environmental InfluencesMultiple genetic...
Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:22

Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...
Pericarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:19

Pericarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Pericarditis is distinguished by inflammation of the pericardium, the fibrous sac that encases the heart. It can be acute, lasting less than six weeks, or chronic, persisting for over three months. Understanding its clinical manifestations and diagnostic findings is crucial for timely and effective management.Clinical ManifestationsWhile pericarditis can be asymptomatic, it usually presents with characteristic symptoms such as:Chest Pain: The most characteristic symptom of pericarditis is chest...
Chronic Inflammation: Introduction01:12

Chronic Inflammation: Introduction

Chronic inflammation is a prolonged, dysregulated immune response that persists for weeks to years when the inciting stimulus is difficult to eradicate or when self‑antigens drive ongoing reactivity. Morphologically, it is defined by mononuclear cell infiltration, progressive tissue destruction, and concurrent attempts at healing via angiogenesis and fibrosis. Compared with acute inflammation, edema is less prominent while cellular infiltration predominates; triggers include persistent...

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Updated: Jun 13, 2026

An Adoptive Transfer Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Mice
07:37

An Adoptive Transfer Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Mice

Published on: June 6, 2025

[Relapsing polychondritis].

Lionel Arlettaz1, Camillo Ribi

  • 1Service d'immunologie et d'allergologie, Département de médecine interne HUG, 1211 Genève 14. lionel.arlettaz@hcuge.ch

Revue Medicale Suisse
|May 18, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Relapsing polychondritis is a rare systemic disease affecting cartilage, often involving ears, nose, and airways. Treatment typically involves corticosteroids and immunosuppressants for managing this chronic condition.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 13, 2026

An Adoptive Transfer Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Mice
07:37

An Adoptive Transfer Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Mice

Published on: June 6, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Immunology
  • Systemic Autoimmune Diseases

Context:

  • Relapsing polychondritis (RP) is a rare, systemic autoimmune disorder.
  • Characterized by episodic inflammation of cartilaginous structures.
  • Often presents with variable clinical manifestations and comorbidities.

Purpose:

  • To summarize the key clinical features, complications, and management strategies for relapsing polychondritis.
  • To highlight the diagnostic challenges and therapeutic options.
  • To provide an overview of this rare systemic disease.

Summary:

  • RP commonly affects the ears, nose, costal cartilages, and upper airways, potentially leading to deformities.
  • Associated features include ocular inflammation (scleritis, episcleritis), mucocutaneous lesions, arthralgia, and constitutional symptoms.
  • Severe complications include tracheobronchomalacia and aortitis, necessitating vigilant monitoring.

Impact:

  • Understanding RP's diverse presentation is crucial for timely diagnosis and intervention.
  • Current treatment relies on systemic corticosteroids, often combined with immunosuppressants.
  • Biologic agents show promise for refractory cases, offering new therapeutic avenues.