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Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health concern, primarily targeting the lungs and spreading through airborne transmission. Infection begins when aerosolized droplet nuclei, expelled by an individual with active TB, are inhaled by another person. These microscopic particles carry Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of TB. Upon reaching the alveoli, the bacilli are engulfed by alveolar macrophages. However, due to their specialized lipid-rich cell wall, these pathogens...

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...

Atypical Pneumonia

Atypical Pneumonia

Atypical pneumonia, often caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae, is a form of pulmonary infection that differs from the classical presentation of bacterial pneumonia in both its cause and clinical symptoms. Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a pleomorphic bacterium notable for its lack of a rigid cell wall. This structural characteristic imparts resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics and significantly influences the bacterium’s behavior within the human host.Other pathogens responsible for the disease include...

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Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Intradermal Inoculation of Mycobacterium avium in the Mouse Ear

Intradermal Inoculation of Mycobacterium avium in the Mouse Ear

Published on: July 3, 2025

Tubercular mastitis--a rare presentation.

Nisar A Chowdri¹, Fazl Q Parray, Rayees A Dar

¹Department of Surgery, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute Of Medical Sciences, Soura, Srinagar, J&K-190011, India. nchowdri@yahoo.com

International Journal of Surgery (London, England)

|May 18, 2010

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Breast tuberculosis is a rare condition that can mimic breast cancer or abscess. Early diagnosis and anti-tubercular treatment are crucial for successful outcomes in lactating women.

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Last Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Intradermal Inoculation of Mycobacterium avium in the Mouse Ear

Intradermal Inoculation of Mycobacterium avium in the Mouse Ear

Published on: July 3, 2025

Area of Science:

Infectious Diseases
Oncology
Public Health

Background:

Breast tuberculosis (BTB) is an uncommon manifestation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.
BTB is often misdiagnosed as breast cancer or pyogenic breast abscess, particularly in endemic regions.
Lactating women present a unique demographic for BTB due to physiological changes in the breast.

Observation:

A 22-year-old lactating woman presented with progressive right breast pain, redness, and ulceration.
Initial diagnosis of breast abscess led to incision and drainage, but symptoms worsened.
Extensive breast tissue destruction, including the nipple-areola complex, was observed.

Findings:

Histopathological examination revealed chronic granulomatous inflammation with caseating necrosis, indicative of tuberculosis.
The patient was treated with a six-month course of anti-tubercular therapy.
Complete ulcer healing and successful recovery were achieved post-treatment.

Implications:

Highlights the importance of considering BTB in the differential diagnosis of breast lesions, especially in lactating women.
Emphasizes the need for prompt histopathological evaluation for accurate diagnosis.
Demonstrates the efficacy of anti-tubercular treatment for managing BTB, leading to favorable patient outcomes.