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An Emerging Target Paradigm to Evoke Fast Visuomotor Responses on Human Upper Limb Muscles
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Reaching for the unknown: multiple target encoding and real-time decision-making in a rapid reach task.

Craig S Chapman1, Jason P Gallivan, Daniel K Wood

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5C2.

Cognition
|May 18, 2010
PubMed
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When faced with uncertain choices, our brains initially aim for an average location before correcting the movement. This visuomotor decision-making reveals how we process potential actions in real-time.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Motor Control
  • Human Decision-Making

Background:

  • Decision-making relies on representing choices, costs, and benefits.
  • Visuomotor decision-making guides everyday actions, appearing effortless but requiring complex processing.
  • Understanding real-time visuomotor decisions is crucial for cognitive science.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how visuomotor decisions unfold in real-time during reaching movements.
  • To determine how target uncertainty and probability influence trajectory planning.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms underlying action selection and execution under uncertainty.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a unique reaching paradigm with rapid hand movements toward multiple potential targets.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 13, 2026

An Emerging Target Paradigm to Evoke Fast Visuomotor Responses on Human Upper Limb Muscles
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An Emerging Target Paradigm to Evoke Fast Visuomotor Responses on Human Upper Limb Muscles

Published on: August 25, 2020

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08:45

A Dual Task Procedure Combined with Rapid Serial Visual Presentation to Test Attentional Blink for Nontargets

Published on: December 5, 2014

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Published on: December 2, 2022

  • Introduced target uncertainty by cueing the final target after reach onset.
  • Conducted three experiments and a control to analyze trajectory adjustments and target influence.

    • Main Results:

    • Reach trajectories were spatially sensitive to the probabilistic distribution of targets.
    • Participants initiated reaches toward an intermediary or 'averaged' location before correction.
    • The 'averaging' effect depended on both spatial position and action probability of targets.

    Conclusions:

    • Visuomotor decision-making involves an initial 'averaging' of potential movement trajectories.
    • Target probability significantly influences the planning and execution of reaching movements.
    • This study provides novel insights into the real-time processing of action selection under uncertainty.