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T-cell costimulation blockade in immunologic diseases: role of CD28 family members

Bryan S Clay1, Anne I Sperling

  • 1University of Chicago, The Committee on Immunology, Department of Medicine, MC 6076, 5841 S. Maryland Ave, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. bclay@uchicago.edu

Expert Review of Clinical Immunology
|May 19, 2010
PubMed

Insights

Targeting CD28 family proteins offers a novel approach to modulate T-cell responses for treating immune-mediated diseases. Modulating these proteins may reduce autoimmune issues or boost anti-tumor immunity.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cellular Biology
  • Medical Science

Background:

  • Immune-mediated diseases often stem from harmful T-cell responses to harmless antigens.
  • Targeting T-cell responses is crucial for developing effective therapies.
  • Proteins of the CD28 family, expressed on T cells, are key regulators of immune responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the function of CD28 family proteins in T-cell modulation.
  • To explore the therapeutic potential of targeting CD28 family proteins.
  • To highlight future targets like Inducible Costimulator (ICOS) and Programmed Death-1 (PD-1).

Main Methods:

  • Review of scientific literature on CD28 family proteins.
  • Analysis of clinical trial data for CD28-targeted therapies.
  • Discussion of the dual role of CD28 family proteins in immune responses.

Main Results:

  • CD28 family proteins can enhance or diminish T-cell signaling.
  • Blocking proteins that enhance T-cell signaling may reduce autoimmune responses.
  • Blocking proteins that diminish T-cell signaling may enhance anti-tumor responses.

Conclusions:

  • Targeting CD28 family proteins presents a promising therapeutic strategy for immune-mediated diseases.
  • Clinical trials show potential efficacy and drawbacks of these therapies.
  • Inducible Costimulator (ICOS) and Programmed Death-1 (PD-1) are significant future targets for T-cell therapies.

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